Cognitive Psychology 2: Memory

These flashcards cover key concepts in Cognitive Psychology related to memory, including definitions, processes, theories, and effects.

What is memory?

Memory is the capacity to process, retain, and retrieve skills and knowledge.

What are the three critical phases of memory?

Encoding, Storage, and Retrieval.

What is encoding in the context of memory?

Encoding is receiving, processing, and combining information.

What are the types of encoding?

Visual encoding, Acoustic encoding, Semantic encoding.

What does shallow processing focus on?

Surface-level features of the material.

What is deep processing?

Encoding based on meaning.

What is chunking in memory strategies?

Chunking is grouping information into small units.

What is the difference between recognition and recall in retrieval?

Recognition is identifying previously learned information presented again, while recall is retrieving information without cues.

What is the multi-store model of memory?

A model that includes sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

What are the types of long-term memory?

Explicit memory (declarative) which includes episodic and semantic memory, and Implicit memory (nondeclarative) which includes procedural memory.

What is the serial position effect?

A phenomenon where items at the beginning (primacy effect) or end (recency effect) of a list are remembered better.

What is proactive interference?

When old information interferes with the retrieval of new information.

What is retroactive interference?

When new information interferes with the retrieval of old information.

What is decay in memory?

Fading of memories over time when they are not used.

How does attention affect memory storage?

If no attention is given, information is forgotten.