Salivary Glands and Saliva

Classification of Salivary Glands

-   Classified as____ or ____; determined by ___ and ____of secretion

-   Salivary glands are termed “___”

o   Excretion via membrane ___passing to the cell’s ___

major, minor

size,amount

merocrine glands

vesicles,apex

Classification of Salivary Glands

-   Both composed of cells that are___ , ___, or a combination (____)

o   ______ are a unit of mucous cells capped by serous cells

serous,mucous

Serous demilunes

serous demilunes

-   Major Glands

o   Carry ____a distance to the oral cavity by a main,___ duct

Contain many acini arranged in ___ or ____

Present as three ____ pairs

secretions,larger

lobes,lobules

bilateral

- Minor Glands

o Smaller glands: empty saliva ___ into the mouth via ____

o Consists of a____ of acini

o Only contribute ____of total saliva flow

directly,short ducts

cluster

5%

Major Salivary Glands

- Carry secretions a distance to the oral cavity by a main, larger duct

o   _____ glands –on side of the face in front of the ears

§  ____Glands (but only contribute ____ of total salivary flow)

§  Produces a ____ secretion

§  ____ of parotids open adjacent to upper molar crowns

Parotid

Largest,25%

serous

Stensen’s duct

Major Salivary Glands

- Carry secretions a distance to the oral cavity by a main, larger duct

o ______  – under the tongue, beneath the oral mucosa of the mouth

§  ____ glands – contribute ____ of saliva

§  Produces nearly pure ____

§  Openings (paired) termed____ (or caruncle), are on either side of the frenulum.____ drain these glands

§ _____ drain these glands and can join the main Wharton's duct to empty at the sublingual caruncle

Sublingual glands

Smallest,5-10%

mucous

sublingual papillae,Wharton’s ducts

Bartholin's duct

Major Salivary Glands

- Carry secretions a distance to the oral cavity by a main, larger duct

o   _____________ glands – inside the angle of the mandible

§  ____ in size, but contribute ___ of all saliva

§  Produces a mixed ___secretion

§  Common opening w/ sublingual gland under the tongue ( _____drains the glands) 

Located at ____ papillae (caruncles)

Submandibular

Intermediate,60%

serous/mucous

Wharton’s duct

submandibular

Minor Salivary Glands

-   Also classified as serous, mucous, or mixed

-   Named for their ____ throughout the oral cavity

o   ___ – (lips) ___ secretion

o   – (cheeks) ___ secretion

o   ____ – hard/soft palate – ____

o   ____ – ant/middle/post tongue –__,__,___

location

Labial,mixed

Buccal,mixed

palatine, pure mucous

lingual, mixed/serous/pure mucous secretions

Gland structure and function

-   Functional unit is the _____ or _______

-   ____ - cluster of pyramidal cells that secrete into a collecting duct

o   This duct is called the ____ or _____

o   ______ cells are present to contract and squeeze the acinar cells using long cell processes that wrap around both the acinar cells and ducts

§  These cells originate as___ cells, function as ____ cells

alveolus,acinus

Acinar cells

secretory end piece,intercalated duct

Myoepithelial

epithelial,muscle

Gland structure and function

-   Cells secrete different types of salivary content

-   ____ – thin, watery consistency

o   Mostly ____ and ____

o   Also contain zymogen granules (______) – functions in carbohydrate breakdown

o   ____ stains deeply as albumin is in the cell

§  Show secretory (vesicles) _____

Serous cells

proteins,carbohydrates

amylase precursor

Cytoplasm

granules, RER, Golgi complexes, mitochondria, and an oval nucleus

Gland structure and function

-   Cells secrete different types of salivary content

-   _____ – thicker, viscous saliva

o   High in ____, low in ____

o   Thick product is termed ____ (a mixture of ____)

o ____  cause cells to appear foamy and light on microscopy

§  Show _____

Mucous cells

carbohydrate,protein

mucin,glycoproteins

Carbohydrates

mucin droplets, prominent Golgi bodies, RER, and a flat nucleus

Saliva Composition

-   Contains fewer ____ and ___than blood

-   Contains a varied ____composition

o   ________ and ___________ increase enamel surface hardness in newly erupted teeth

proteins,ions

chemical

calcium,phosphates

Saliva Composition

-   Major salivary protein is ____________, also contains ____ and ____

o  _______ breaks down ___ into more easily digested ___

amylase,lysozyme,albumin

amylase,starches,carbohydrates

Saliva Composition

-   Contains salivary ___

o   _____cells shed by oral epithelium

o   ____blood cells from ____ crevices

o   _____from the  ____

corpuscles

Epithelial

White,gingival

Lymphocytes,tonsils

Saliva Composition

-   Composition varies with rate of ____(up to____ secreted per day!)

o   Low flow during______

o   Higher during stimulated flow during ____ (gustatory flow via ___)

o   May also be stimulated from ___ or ____

flow,3 pints

sleep

eating,taste buds

oral,pharyngeal pain

Saliva Functions

-   Cleanse surfaces of teeth; reduces __ on enamel/exposed dentin

-   Keeps oral tissues ____; protects against ___ and _____

-   Aids in ______ and ____________ food

-   _____ taste by breaking down food molecules so taste bud contact is possible

acid attack

moist,irritation,dessication

chewing,swallowing

Enhances

Saliva Functions

-   Contents provide ____

o   Due to proteins: ____

o   Also contains ____and _____ (IgA)

antibacterial activity

lysozyme, lactoperoxidase, lactoferrin

antibodies,immunoglobulins

Saliva Functions

-   Formation of the ______ – protective membrane on tooth surface

-   ____ action for intraoral acids – prevents erosion of ____

pellicle

Buffering,enamel