Studied by 0 people
Cellular respiration
Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules
Exothermic reaction
A reaction that releases energy to its surroundings, usually in the form of heat
Purpose of respiration
Releases energy in all cells that organisms can use for heat, movement, growth, reproduction and active uptake/transport
Aerobic respiration
Cell respiration which happens in the presence of oxygen in the mitochondria of the cell
Word equation for aerobic respiration
Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water (+energy)
Balanced chemical equation for aerobic respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
Anaerobic respiration
Cell respiration which happens in the absence of oxygen
Word equation for anaerobic respiration
Glucose -> lactic acid (+energy)
Lactic acid
A toxic waste product that is produced during anaerobic respiration in humans and can cause muscle fatigue
Incomplete oxidation
Occurs during anaerobic respiration causing a build up of lactic acid in the muscles
Fermentation
Anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells which produces ethanol and carbon dioxide
Word equation for fermentation
Glucose -> carbon dioxide + ethanol (+energy)
Uses of fermentation
The manufacture of bread and alcoholic drinks
Liver
Receives blood from the muscles with lactic acid and converts the lactic acid back into glucose
Oxygen debt
The amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with the accumulated lactic acid
Effect of exercise
Increased heart rate, breathing rate and breath volume to supply the muscles with more oxygen
Organisms need energy for
Movement, keeping warm and chemical reactions to make larger molecules
Glucose (C6H12O6)
The main reactant of respiration that is obtained from the digestion of carbohydrates
Oxygen (O2)
A molecule that is essential for the complete oxidation of glucose in aerobic respiration
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
A waste product of respiration that is removed from cells and the body via gas exchange
Water (H2O)
A byproduct of respiration that is either used or removed from the body typically during exhalation or urination
