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STUDY FOR SCIENCE 8 MIDTERM EXAM
What is the totality of physical, biological, and chemical knowledge accumulated throughout human history called?
Science
The steps involved in scientific inquiry include Observation, Question, Hypothesis, Experiment, Analysis, and __________.
Conclusion
In a scientific experiment, the __________ is the variable that is changed.
Independent variable
The variable that is measured in a scientific experiment is called the __________.
Dependent variable
Factors in a scientific experiment that do not change are known as __________.
Constants
The group we compare the changes to during an experiment is the __________.
Control
Noticing or perceiving information is known as __________.
Observation
A belief or answer to a scientific question is referred to as a __________.
Hypothesis
The __________ is a system of measurement based on 7 base units.
International System of Units/Metric System
Data representing information that is not quantified in numbers is called __________ data.
Qualitative
Any information that can be represented in numbers is known as __________ data.
Quantitative
A way of summarizing a set of nominal data or displaying different values of a variable is called a __________ graph.
pie (circle) graph
A graph that demonstrates changes in value using points connected by line segments from left to right is called a __________ graph.
line graph
A bar graph is a way of representing data using rectangular bars where the length of each bar is proportional to the __________ it represents.
value
A __________ is a standard for evaluation.
Reference Point
The location of an object is known as its __________.
Position
The rate at which velocity changes with time, in terms of both speed and direction, is called __________.
Acceleration
The __________ is the average distance traveled over a period of time.
Average speed
The distance an object is from a starting point is referred to as __________.
Displacement
The amount of length traveled in any direction is known as __________.
Distance
The speed of an object at any given time is referred to as __________ speed.
Instantaneous
Distance over time is known as __________.
Speed
The speed of an object going in a given direction is known as __________.
Velocity
When an object changes its position, it is said to be in __________.
Motion
The graph that measures speed is a __________ vs. time graph.
Position/Distance
A __________ vs. time graph measures acceleration.
Speed/Velocity
A force that requires two objects to touch is called a __________ force.
Contact
A force that doesn’t require two objects to come in contact is known as a __________ force.
Noncontact
Forces that are equal and in opposite directions are called __________ forces.
Balanced
Forces that aren’t equal and may go in different directions are known as __________ forces.
Unbalanced
A force that causes objects to fall to the surface is __________.
Gravity
The amount of 'stuff' in an object is referred to as its __________.
Mass
The mass of an object while gravity is affecting it is known as __________.
Weight
The resistance that occurs when two objects rub against each other is called __________.
Friction
The total amount of force acting on an object is called __________ force.
Net force
The tendency of an object to remain in motion is known as __________.
Inertia
Newton’s 1st law of motion states that an object at rest will remain in rest unless acted upon by a __________.
force
Newton’s 2nd law of motion is summarized by the equation __________.
F=ma
Newton’s 3rd law of motion states that for every action there is an equal but __________ reaction.
opposite
A fundamental entity of nature that is the capacity for doing work is called __________.
Energy
Energy that is quickly being released is referred to as __________ energy.
Kinetic
Energy stored in electricity is known as __________ energy.
Electric
Energy that is stored up is called __________ energy.
Potential
Energy stored in atoms and molecules is referred to as __________ energy.
Chemical
The energy from being in a gravitational field of an object is called __________ potential energy.
Gravitational
Energy generated through sustained nuclear fission to produce heat and electricity is called __________ energy.
Nuclear
The sum of potential and kinetic energy is known as __________ energy.
Mechanical
Energy stored in heat is referred to as __________ energy.
Thermal
Energy that is transferred by electromagnetic radiation is known as __________ energy.
Radiant
When energy transfers between different forms, it is referred to as __________ transformation.
Energy
The Law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or __________.
destroyed
The transfer of energy by a force acting on an object as it is displaced is known as __________.
Work
The measure of work done over time is referred to as __________.
Power
A wave that travels perpendicular to the direction of the energy is called a __________ wave.
Transverse
A wave that travels parallel to the direction of the energy is known as a __________ wave.
Longitudinal
The matter in which a light wave travels through is called a __________.
medium
The distance between two troughs or crests of a wave is referred to as __________.
wavelength
The number of oscillations per second is known as __________.
Frequency
The height of a wave is referred to as its __________.
Amplitude
The range of all types of waves on the electromagnetic spectrum is known as the __________ Spectrum.
Electromagnetic
A __________ Spectrum shows all the colors of the rainbow continuously.
Continuous
In an __________ Spectrum, only parts of the spectrum are visible.
Emission
When light bounces off of a new medium, it is called __________.
Reflection
The bending of light as it passes through a new medium is referred to as __________.
Refraction
When light gets absorbed and disappears, this process is called __________.
Absorption
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