Science- The totality of physical, biological, and chemical knowledge accumulated throughout human history
Scientific Method/Scientific Inquiry- Observation, Question, Hypothesis, Experiment, Analysis, Conclusion
Variable-
Independent variable- The variable that is changed in a scientific experiment
Dependent variable- The variable that is measured in a scientific experiment
Constant- The factors that don't change in a scientific experiment
Control- The group that we compare the changes to during an experiment
Observation- Noticing or perceiving information
Hypothesis- A belief or answer to a scientific question
International System of Units/Metric System- The International System of Units is a system of measurement based on 7 base units: the meter (length), kilogram (mass), second (time), ampere (electric current), kelvin (temperature), mole (quantity), and candela (brightness).
Qualitative data- data representing information and concepts that are not represented by numbers
Quantitative data- Any information that can be represented in numbers
pie (circle) graph- a way of summarizing a set of nominal data or displaying the different values of a given variable
line graph- uses points connected by line segments from left to right to demonstrate changes in value.
bar graph- a specific way of representing data using rectangular bars in which the length of each bar is proportional to the value it represents
Reference Point- a standard for evaluation.
Position- The location of an object
Acceleration- rate at which velocity changes with time, in terms of both speed and direction
Average speed- the average distance traveled over a period of time
Displacement- the distance an object is from a starting point
Distance- amount of (unit of length)’s traveled in any direction
Instantaneous speed- the speed of an object at any given time
Speed- distance over time
Velocity- the speed of an object going in a given direction
Motion- when an object changes its position
Position/Distance vs. time graph- it measures speed
Speed/Velocity vs. time graph- acceleration
Contact force- a force that requires two objects to touch
Noncontact force- a force that doesn’t require two objects to come in contact
Balanced forces- forces that are equal to each other but in opposite direction
Unbalanced forces- forces that aren’t equal to each other and may go in different direction
Gravity- A force that will cause objects to fall to its surface
Mass- the amount of “stuff” in an object
Weight- an objects mass while gravity is affecting it
Friction- when two objects rub against each other
Net force- the total amount of force
Inertia- The tendency of an object to stay in motion
Newton’s 1st law of motion- An object at rest will remain in rest unless acted upon
Newton’s 2nd law of motion- F=ma
Newton’s 3rd law of motion- for every action there is an equal but opposite reaction
Energy- a fundamental entity of nature that is transferred between parts of a system in the production of physical change within the system and usually regarded as the capacity for doing work
Kinetic energy- energy that is quickly being released
Electric energy- energy that is stored in electricity
Potential energy- energy stored up
Chemical energy- energy stored in atoms and molecules
Gravitational potential energy- the energy from being in a gravitational field of an object
Nuclear energy- the use of sustained nuclear fission to generate heat and electricity
Mechanical energy- potential + kinetic energy
Thermal energy- energy stored in heat
Radiant energy- energy that is transferred by electromagnetic radiation
Energy transformation- when energy transfers between forms
Law of conservation of energy- energy cannot be created or destroyed
Work- the transfer of energy by a force acting on an object as it is displaced
Power- work/time
Transverse wave- a wave that travels perpendicular to the direction of the energy
Longitudinal wave- a wave that travels || to the direction of the energy
medium- the matter in which a light wave travels through
wavelength- the distance between two troughs or crests of a wave
Frequency- how many occilations per second
Amplitude- the height of a wave
Electromagnetic Spectrum- the range of all waves on the electromagnetic spectrum
Continuous Spectrum- A spectrum where you can see all the colors of the rainbow
Emission Spectrum- a spectrum where you can see only parts of the spectrum
Reflection- when light bounces off of a new medium
Refraction- when light goes through a new medium and bends
Absorption- when light gets absorbed and dissapeared
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Studied by 8 people
