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Personality psychology

Study of individual behavior differences

Social psychology

How others influence behavior

Person perception

Forming impressions of others

Attribution theory

Explaining causes of behavior

Fundamental attribution error

Overestimate traits, underestimate situation

Actor-observer bias

Self situational, others dispositional

Prejudice

Unjust negative attitude toward group

Stereotype

Generalized belief about group

Discrimination

Unjust behavior toward group

Just-world phenomenon

Belief world is fair

Social identity

Self from group membership

Ingroup

“Us” group

Outgroup

“Them” group

Ingroup bias

Favor own group

Scapegoat theory

Blame others for frustration

Other-race effect

Better recognize own race

Attitudes

Feelings toward objects/people

Foot-in-the-door phenomenon

Small request leads bigger

Role

Expected behavior in position

Leon Festinger

Proposed cognitive dissonance theory

Cognitive dissonance theory

Discomfort from conflicting beliefs

Persuasion

Changing attitudes or beliefs

Peripheral route persuasion

Uses cues, not logic

Central route persuasion

Uses evidence and reasoning

Norms

Rules for acceptable behavior

Solomon Asch

Studied conformity

Conformity

Adjust behavior to group

Normative social influence

Conform to be liked

Informational social influence

Conform for correctness

Obedience

Following authority orders

Stanley Milgram

Studied obedience to authority

Social facilitation

Better performance around others

Social loafing

Less effort in groups