Biology 120 Notes (Part 18) Continuing Genetics

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Testcross

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21 Terms

1

Testcross

________ is a process that is used to assess whether an individual displaying a dominant trait is heterozygous or homozygous.

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2

F1

Mendel allowed the ________ progeny to self- pollinate and the wrinkled seed trait reappeared in the F2 generation.

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3

Gregor Mendel

________ worked with pea varieties that differed in seven easily recognizable traits, this can also be referred to as an individuals phenotype (a trait that can be observed .)

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4

True breeding

________ is a term that describes how all of the offspring are of the same variety.

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5

Alleles

________ can be dominant or recessive.

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6

Genotype

________ refers to the two alleles an individual has for a specific trait.

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7

Genetic disorders

________ can be either autosomal or sex- linked.

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8

Mendels

________ pea population had two distinct phenotypes for each of the seven traits.

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9

Mendel

________ crossed plants with round seeds and plants with wrinkled seeds.

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10

A trait is a variant for a character, for example

brown

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11

We label the different generations of a cross as

P generation (parents), F1 generation (first filial generation), and F2 generation (second filial generation)

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12

The two possible results were

the F2 generation with two phenotypes (identical to the parents) or the F2 generation with four phenotypes

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13

Phenotype

refers to a trait that can be observable.

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14

trait

A _______ is a variant for a character

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15

monohybrid cross

A ________________ describes the mating between two parents that differ in only one trait.

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16

law of segregation

The __________________ describes how each individual has a pair of factors for each trait called alleles. The alleles segregate during gamete formation.

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17

The two possible results of a dihybrid cross are:

the F2 generation with two phenotypes (identical to the parents) or the F2 generation with four phenotypes.

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18

autosomal recessive disorders

To have an ________________, the individual who has it would have homozygous recessive alleles (aa).

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19

autosomal dominant disorder

The individual who has an _______________ would either have to have AA or Aa.

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20

Sex-linked disorders

_____________ affect the X and Y chromosomes.

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21

Autosomal disorders

____________ affect autosomes.

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