America History Chapter 2

1497

1497

John Cabot claimed Newfoundland for England

1607

Jamestown founded

1619

Beginning of slave trade in British North America; House of Burgesses established

1620

Plymouth colony founded

1630

Massachusetts Bay Colony founded

1733

Georgia founded

John Wycliffe

Translated the Bible to English for the first time

William Tyndale

first printed New Testament

Henry VIII

broke away from the R.C. church and founded the Church of England

Magna Carta

A document signed by King John (1215) that established limited government in England

Parliament

England’s representative political body; limited power of the king

John Cabot

first modern explorer to set foot on mainland North America

Newfoundland

What did John Cabot claim for England

Sir Francis Drake

Sailed around the world from 1577-1580

Businessman

investors seeking to make a profit

Settlers

people who wanted religious, economic, and political freedom in the New World

Walter Raleigh

founded a voyage to the New World in 1584;

John White

leader of the Roanoke colony

Captain John Smith

“If you don’t work, you don’t eat.”

Nova Albion

What did Sir Francis claim for England

Virginia

What did Walter Raleigh name the land of the New World

Virginia Dare

Who was the 1st child born in the New World

London Company

What English business funded Jamestown

1607

What year did the first settlers arrive

Jamestown

What is the first English colony in the new world

John Rolfe

introduced tobacco to the settlers with the help of the natives

Royal Colony

The King owned and controlled the colony directly with royal governors and administrators

Precedent

happening that serves as an example to be followed in the future

House of Burgesses

1619; a rep governing body created for Jamestown colony (this is the first representative assembly in the New World)

Bacon’s Rebellion

A rebellion led by Nathaniel Bacon in response to a failure to defend colonists from Native American attacks

James I

opposed religious freedom viewing it as an attack on his political authority

Congregationalism

a form of church government that believes a body of believers should be independent and self-governing

Sir Edwin Sandys

helped the Pilgrims secure a patent from the London Company

Arrived at Cape Cod on November 11,1620

Mayflower Compact

first governing document in America’s history

Squanto

Native American who served as a guide and interpreter for the Americans

John Carver

first governor of Plymouth

William Bradford

Wrote History of Plymouth Plantation

General Court

Democratic legislative body of the colonies (Representative government)

Miles Standish

commander-in-chief of the Pilgrim’s militia

Charles I

claimed divine right to the throne and threatened religious beliefs of England

John Winthrop

chosen to lead a group of Puritans to colonize the area

The Great Migration

from 1630-1642, 25,000 Puritans left England for the Massachusetts Bay Colony

General Court

held all power in the colony

Puritan Work Ethic

work a gift from God and a means to glorify Him

Private enterprise

What system did Jamestown adopt where individuals are free to make a living and prosper on their own initiative?

John Robinson

Who led the Scrooby Congregation

Leyden, Holland

Where did John Robinson fled

Adventurers

Who agreed to finace the voyage to the new world

Speedwell

What was hired 1st to carry the Leyden Congregation to the New World

Mayflower

What did 100 passengers sail on to the New World

November 11, 1620

What date did the Mayflower land at Cape Cod

History of Plymouth Plantation

What was the 1st American History book

Boston

Where was a new society built in

Puritans

What group did not practice separation of church and state

Freemen

What did the General Court consist of

Congregational

What must a church be in Massachusetts

Indentured servant

one who temporarily worked for a benefactor without pay in exchange for passage to America

Thomas Hooker

Puritan pastor who led his congregation out of Massachusetts

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

first writing constitution in America

Roger Williams

Congregational minister who disagreed with the Puritans on several issues of religious freedom

Key into the Language of America

book that Williams wrote about the Native American language and how to evangelize them

Anne Hutchinson

established Portsmouth

Greatest Triumph

King Philip’s War

Edmund Andros

leader of the “Dominion” until the Glorious Revolution madeh im lose his position

The Proprietary Colonies

The king giving land to an individual to rule and colonize

Leonard Calvert

1st governor of St. Mary’s colony

Grand Model

political system attempted that was based on feudalism

Patroons

individuals given large sections of land to colonize and rule

Quakers

religious pacifists who worshipped God according to each man’s “inner light”; faced heavy persecution

William Penn

son of a wealthy Quaker friend of King Charles

Philadelphia

earliest colony founded in Pennsylvania (1681); “the city of brotherly love”

Pennsylvania Dutch

German settlers who came to Pennsylvania

Delaware

founded by William Penn and the Quakers

Jame Oglethorpe

used Georgia as a place for debt prisoners to pay off what they owed

Connecticut

Where did Thomas Hooker lead his congregation to

1636

What year did Thomas Hooker lead his congregation out of Massachusetts

1639

What year was the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut written

Connecticut

Who did not practice separation of church and state

Providence

What capital of Rhode Island did local Indians help WIlliams find

Rhode Island

Who practiced separation of church and state

Baptist

What Christian group was especially encouraged to settle in Portsmouth

1643

What year was New England formed

Calvert

What family was granted land by King Charles

1649

What year was the Toleration Act established

Charles Town

What was the main settlement of the carolinas

King James II

Who did Duke of York eventually become

New York

What later became a royal colony