the belief that government is subject to the will of the people
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Limited Government
idea that a government may only use the powers given to it by the people
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Enumerated Power
Power specifically given Congress in the Constitution
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Reserved Power
authority belonging only to the states
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Concurrent Power
Power shared by the states and federal government
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Separation of Powers
the division of authority among executive, legislative, and judicial branches to make sure no one branch has too much power
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Implied Power
Authority not specifically mentioned in the Constitution but suggested in its language
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Judicial Review
power of the Supreme Court to say whether any federal, state, or local law or government action goes against the Constitution
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Due Process
the legal rules and procedures established by law and guaranteed by the Constitution that the government must observe before depriving a person of life, liberty, or property
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Equal Protection
the equal application of the law regardless of a person's race, religion, political beliefs, or other qualities
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Naturalization
the process of becoming a citizen of another country
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Diminish
to reduce, make smaller
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Bill of Rights
Ten amendments that were added to the Constitution in 1791. They guarantee basic freedoms and liberties to the people.
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Contradict
To go against or state the opposite
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Legislative Branch
Two houses- The House of Representatives has 435 voting members who must be 25 years old and serve a two-year term. No limits on terms. The number representatives from each state varies depending on the state's population. The Senate has 100 Senators- 2 from each state. Must be 30 yrs. Old and serve a 6-year term. No term limit. Congress makes the laws. President signs a bill
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Executive Branch
Led by the president and vice-president. Serve a 4-year term. It also includes the president's cabinet members and top advisors to the president. The main job is to administrate or carry out the laws passed by Congress. The president's powers are directing foreign policy, naming ambassadors and negotiating treaties with the other nations. Commander and chief of armed forces
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Judicial Branch
This branch holds the court system. Congress creates lower courts such as district courts, appeals courts, and other federal courts. The Supreme Court is in this branch as well.
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Administrate
To carry out
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Supreme Court
Today it is made up of nine justices- the chief justice and 8 associate justices. They stay until they retire or die. They are nominated by the president and approved by Congress. They have the power of judicial review. They are at the top of the U.S. legal system
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Congress
The legislative branch of government. It is made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate. They make the nation's laws. They can declare war. Both houses must agree on a bill.
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