AP Euro - Unit 1 - The Renaissance - Artists

This is from Unit 1 of AP Euro - How the Renaissance affected art, including writers and painters.

Name a Renaissance writer.

Machiavelli, Petrarch, and Boccaccio.

Name a Renaissance artist.

Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Botticelli, Raphael, Donatello, and Jan van Eyck.

When was the Gutenberg Press invented?

The Gutenberg Press was invented by Johannes Gutenberg in 1445.

What was Machiavelli known for?

Machiavelli is most kown for Il Principe (1532) (The Prince). The Prince was a sort of instructional guide on how a ruler should use their power. Another famous work would be Discorsi Sopra la Prima Deca di Tito Livio (1531) (Discourses on Livy), a history of Ancient Rome.

What was Petrarch known for?

Petrarch was known for both his poetry and other scholarly works. In poetry, he wrote sonnets that explored human emotions and classical themes, including the Canzoniere (Songbook) and I Trifoni (The Triumphs), with multiple sonnets being published and his famous letters to Laura.

What was Boccaccio known for?

Boccaccio was an early Renaissance writer who wrote The Decameron (1349-1353), a collection of poems describing a group of nobles escaping Florence to escape the Bubonic Plague. This specific work included detailed descriptions of Italian life in the 1300s.

What was Da Vinci known for?

Da Vinci was known mostly for his paintings, including The Last Supper, the Mona Lisa, and Girl with an Ermine. He helped pioneer Renaissance art by including different perspectives, shadows/better lighting, and irreligious scenes, such as still lives of people and portraits.

What was Michelangelo known for?

Michelangelo was known for making paintings and sculptures. Some famous works would be the statue David or the Sistine Chapel ceiling. He advanced the world of sculptures in the Renaissance and contributed to the Renaissance art style, emphasizing different perspectives and realism.

What was Botticelli known for?

Botticelli was a painter in the Renaissance era. He painted multiple paintings, usually religious in nature, and contributed to Renaissance art with new styles being developed and led a change of scenery in the field of religious Renaissance art.

What was Raphael known for?

Raphael was known for painting portraits and still lives of Renaissance people. He also painted many self-portraits in a addition to his other paintings.

What was Jan van Eyck known for?

Jan van Eyck was a painter from the Netherlands in the Renaissance era. He contributed to the Northern Renaissance by adding Italian Renaissance elements to his paintings, and incorporating more German styles into his art.

Name an effect of the Gutenberg Press.

1. Widespread literacy among nobility and common people.

2. Ideas can be spread faster.

3. Different genres can be published that are not religious.

What were the differences in Northern Renaissance art and Italian Renaissance art?

Italian Renaissance Art -

1. Focused on religious paintings and Neo-Greco-Roman scenes and styles

2. Used Fresco and Tempera paints - Fresco being pigments mixed with water and painted directly onto plaster walls, and Tempera being pigments mixed with egg yolks and were usually used on wood, which dried quickly.

3. For statues, the material of choice was marble and bronze.

4. Started with inspiration from individual artists and trade networks.

Northern Renaissance Art -

1. Used oil-based paints instead of Tempera or Fresco.

2. Statues were made out of wood, being the material of choice for them.

3. Became popular due to the printing press, not trade.

4. Focused on emotions and how religion makes you feel

Name similarities between the Northern Renaissance and the Italian Renaissance.

1. Both focused heavily on nature, religion and realism.

2. Both introduced laws of perspectives, light investigation, investigation of movement, and anatomy. Triangles and perspective/vanity became very relevant in art.

How did differences in patronage change Renaissance art?

Patronage from people other than the Catholic or Orthodox Church, such as nobility commissioning private art, led to a shift in subjects in art: things including other mythologies, portraits, places, nature, palace scenes, and more.