social chapter 5,7,

Communism

Communism

a form of socialism that abolishes private ownership

Fascism

A political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and racism and no tolerance of opposition

Authoritarianism

A political system in which a small group of individuals exercises power over the state without being constitutionally responsible to the public.

Totalitarianism

A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

Nazism

German brand of fascism

Iron Curtain

Winston Churchill's term for the Cold War division between the Soviet

Detente

A policy of reducing Cold War tensions that was adopted by the United States during the presidency of Richard Nixon.

Containment Policy

US policy to stop expansion of Soviet Union and Communism by establishing strategic allies through trade and military alliance

Cold war

the ideological conflict between the Soviet Union and the United States after World War II

Brinkmanship

pushing dangerous situations to the edge of disaster

Neo-conservatism

A movement where they want Classical liberalism back

Satellite states

A state that is formally independent but is dominated by another more powerful state

illiberal

ideologies opposed to the values, beliefs, and principles of liberalism

Capitalism

An economic system based on private ownership of capital and minimal government involvement

Free market

A market that operates with limited government intervention

Socialism

Ideology that contains the belief that resources should be controlled by the public for the benefit of everyone in society

Command economy

An economic system in which the government controls a country's economy.

Sphere of Influence

A foreign region in which a nation has control over trade and other economic activities.

Hot War

A traditional war which includes troops in direct conflict, as opposed to a cold war

Alignment

An alliance or agreement

Deterrence

Cold War foreign policy of both major powers aiming to deter the strategic advances of the other through military buildup

Liberation movements

Military and political struggles of people for independence from countries that have colonized or otherwise oppressed them

episonage

The practice of spying or using spies to obtain information

McCarthyism

Widespread accusations and investigations of suspected communist activities

Foreign policy

A nation's overall plan for dealing with other nations

Expansionism

A policy that calls for expanding a nation's boundaries.

Mutually Assured Destruction

(MAD) if either US or the USSR was hit with a nuclear weapons they would respond with the same

Non alignment

Neutrality; refusing to choose between liberal USA or Communist Soviet

Propaganda

information that is spread for the purpose of promoting some cause

Proxy war

a war in which the powers in conflict use third parties as substitutes instead of fighting each other directly

Warsaw pact

An alliance between the Soviet Union and other Eastern European nations. This was in response to the NATO

Perestroika

An initiative that allowed limited market incentives to Soviet citizens

Glasnost

more openness, a willingness on the part of Soviet officials to allow western ideas and goods into the USSR

NATO

North Atlantic Treaty Organization; an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country

Counterculture

cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted within a society

Yalta Conference

1945 strategy meeting between Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin

Postsdam Conference

(1945) a meeting of Allied leaders in the German city of Potsdam to address issues about the post

Marshall plan

A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948

Truman Doctrine

1947, President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology, mainly helped Greece and Turkey

Domino Theory

A theory that if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control.

Cuban Missile Crisis

1962 crisis that arose between the United States and the Soviet Union over a Soviet attempt to deploy nuclear missiles in Cuba

Berlin Wall

A wall separating East and West Berlin built by East Germany in 1961 to keep citizens from escaping to the West