P - S2023 - Describing Motion

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Physics with Toys-- Motion

Physics

7th

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30 Terms

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reference point
starting point you choose to describe the location, or position, of an object
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position
an object's distance and direction from a reference point
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motion
the process of changing position
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displacement
the difference between the initial (first) position and the final position of an object (vector quantity)
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distance
how much ground an object has covered during its motion (scalar quantity)
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scalar
quantities that are described by a magnitude (or numerical value) alone
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vector
quantities that are described by both a magnitude and a direction
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speed
a measure of the distance an object travels per unit of time (scalar quantity)
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constant speed
the rate of change of position in which the same distance is traveled each second
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instantaneous speed
speed at a specific instant in time
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average speed
the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken to travel that distance
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average speed formula
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velocity
the speed and the direction of a moving object (vector quantity)
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units for speed & velocity
meters per second (m/s)
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acceleration
a measure of the change in velocity during a period of time (vector quantity)
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average acceleration formula
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units for acceleration
meters per second per second (m/s/s or m/s^2)
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p-t graph - object at rest
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p-t graph - constant, positive velocity
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p-t graph - constant, negative velocity
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p-t graph - accelerating in the positive direction
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p-t graph - accelerating in the negative direction
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p-t graph - decelerating in the positive direction
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p-t graph - decelerating in the negative direction
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p-t graph - constant positive velocity, then higher constant positive velocity
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p-t graph - higher constant positive velocity, then lower constant positive velocity
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v-t graph - constant positive velocity; no acceleration
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v-t graph - object at rest
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v-t graph - constant negative velocity, no acceleration
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v-t graph - positive acceleration
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