The Age of Exploration and Colonization

Flashcards covering terms and concepts related to the Age of Exploration, colonization, and the impact of European contact with the Americas.

Columbus's Voyages

Christopher Columbus's expeditions leading to the European discovery of the Americas.

Encomienda System

A labor system that granted Spanish colonists control over indigenous villages and their inhabitants.

Reconquista

The military campaign by which Christian armies reclaimed Spain from Muslim rule.

Conquistadores

Spanish adventurers in the 16th century who conquered parts of the Americas.

Treaty of Tordesillas

An agreement between Spain and Portugal dividing newly discovered lands outside Europe.

Cacao

A crop native to the Americas, often processed into chocolate.

Syphilis

A sexually transmitted infection that was introduced to Europe from the Americas.

Virgin of Guadalupe

A significant symbol of Mexican nationalism, associated with an apparition of the Virgin Mary.

Smallpox

A viral disease that caused devastating epidemics among indigenous populations after European contact.

Iberian Peninsula

The region in southwest Europe consisting primarily of Spain and Portugal.