8 Cardiovascular System Disorders Flashcards

Flashcards on Cardiovascular System Disorders

Atrial Septal Defect

Pulmonary circulation overloaded, pulmonary hypertension, RV hypertrophy due to a hole in the interatrial septum.

Ventricular Septal Defect

Pulmonary circulation overloaded, pulmonary hypertension, RV hypertrophy due to a hole in the interventricular septum.

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Pulmonary circulation overloaded, pulmonary hypertension, RV hypertrophy due to failure of closure of ductus arteriosus

Pulmonary Stenotic Lesions

Narrowing of pulmonary artery/valve, leading to decreased oxygenation of blood and cyanosis.

Coarctation of the Aorta

Narrowing/blockage of aorta, potentially causing headaches and dizziness.

Acute Pericarditis

Inflammation of the pericardium.

Pick's Disease of Pericardium

Rigid fibrous capsule restricts diastolic filling of heart, leading to cardiac tamponade; progression of acute viral/bacterial pericarditis.

Hydropericardium

Fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac.

Haemopericardium

Blood accumulation in the pericardial sac.

Pneumopericardium

Air accumulation in the pericardial sac.

Angina Pectoris

Chest pain due to coronary artery insufficiency from atherosclerosis.

Myocardial Infarction (MI)

Necrosis of heart muscle due to coronary artery insufficiency from atherosclerosis.

Primary Amyloidosis

Idiopathic amyloidosis affecting skeletal muscles, heart, skin, spleen, kidney, and lungs.

Secondary Amyloidosis

Amyloidosis secondary to pre-existing diseases such as RA and Multiple Myeloma, affecting the spleen, liver, and adrenals.

Cardiomyopathy (CMP)

Heart muscle disease diagnosed by exclusion (not due to hypertension, CHD, or RHD).

Myocarditis

Inflammation of the heart muscle.

Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD)

Autoimmune disease resulting from infection with S. pyogenes, leading to inflammation and damage to connective tissues and heart valves.

Cor Bovinum

LV hypertrophy due to systemic hypertension.

Cor Pulmonale

RV Hypertrophy due to various lung/valve disorders.

Acute Bacterial Endocarditis

Infection of the heart valves/endocardium - e.g. Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pyogenes

Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis

Infection of the heart valves/endocardium - e.g. Streptococcus viridans

Raynaud's Disease

Idiopathic vasospasm in young women's hands; white, blue, red hands.

Raynaud's Phenomenon

Raynaud's disease symptoms secondary to SLE, RA, or Pb poisoning.