AP Euro- Wars

French Wars of Religion

Multiple wars in the last half of the 1500s. It was a power struggle between Protestants and Catholics after the death of French King Henry II. Catherine de Medici was queen regent during the conflict. Henry of Navarre ultimately wins and becomes Catholic because “Paris is worth a Mass.”

Thirty Year’s War

Started with the defenestration of Prague in 1618 and ended with the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. Last major war to be started because of religion.

English Civil War

War between Charles I’s Cavaliers and Parliament’s Roundheads. The war ended with Oliver Cromwell and his New Model Army taking power. Firmly established idea of parliament > monarchy.

Napoleonic Wars

Series of wars fought between the major powers of Europe after the French Revolution ended with the Congress of Vienna in 1815 and Napoleon’s exile to St. Helena

Revolutions of 1848

Conflicts across multiple European countries, including Germany and France. Crowds pushed for social reform and political change. These revolutions were largely unsuccessful and resulted in the restoration of monarchs and conservative power.

Crimean War

Britain, France, and Sardinia join together to defend the Ottoman Empire (Turkey) from Russia. Most ground combat took place on a peninsula in Russia.The war ended when Russia agreed to renounce claims to occupied territories. The independence and integrity of the Ottoman Empire was recognized

Italian Wars Of Unification

Series of conflicts, mostly between Italy and Austria, along with conflicts up and down the Italian Peninsula.

German Wars of Unification

Three wars- fought against Denmark, Austria, and France to bring together Germany. Otto von Bismarck was the architect of these conflicts.