Lifeguarding CPR

How can you best protect yourself from possible bloodborne pathogen transmission when providing care?

Use personal protective equipment (PPE), such as disposable gloves and a breathing barrier, when providing care.

A 12-year-old child at a swim meet grabs their chest and begins to make wheezing noises.  After you obtain consent to provide care, the child's parent informs you that the child has a history of asthma, but does not have an inhaler nearby.  What care should you provide?

Summon more advanced medical personnel and place the victim into a position that helps breathing.

Your initial impression of a victim is based on:

How the victim appears to you as you size up the scene.

You and another lifeguard find an unresponsive adult on the floor in the locker room.  You activate your facility's EAP, size-up the scene, form an initial impression and perform a primary assessment.  You find the victim is not moving or breathing, but has a pulse.  You should summon EMS personnel, then:

Give ventilations at a rate of 1 about every 5-6 seconds.

You arrive on the scene where a patron appears to be injured.  Before approaching the victim, which of the following will you NOT do as you size-up the scene?

Begin performing the primary assessment.

When providing care during an emergency, which of the following should you do first?

Size-up the scene while forming an initial impression.

As the first rescuer on the scene, you are performing CPR on an adult.  When performing chest compressions, how deeply should you compress the chest?

At least 2 inches but no more than 2.4 inches

CPR should be performed on which of the following victims?

One who is in cardiac arrest

What is the first step of the Adult Cardiac Chain of Survival?

Recognition of a cardiac emergency and activation of the emergency response system.

You are providing care to a victim suspected of having a heart attack.  Which of the following would you do first?

Summon EMS personnel.

Once you have turned on the automated external defibrillation (AED), you should:

Apply the pads and allow the AED to analyze the heart rhythm.

To ensure high-quality CPR and high-quality chest compressions, you should:

Expose the victim's chest to ensure proper hand placement and full chest recoil.

You are performing CPR on a victim and an assisting responder arrives.  Which of the following is most appropriate for the assisting responder to do first?

Check to see whether EMS personnel have been called

Which of the following is most essential to use when giving ventilations to protect you and the victim form disease transmission?

Resuscitation masks

You are providing care to a facility maintenance worker who has fallen off the top of a ladder.  The victim is responsive.  Which of the following should you do first?

Obtain consent from the victim to provide care.

For which of the following should you summon EMS personnel?

A victim with an open leg wound with the bone protruding.

While performing a primary assessment on an unresponsive adult who has been rescued from the water, you find that they have only occasional gasps, no pulse and no severe life-threatening bleeding.  Which of the following should you do next?

Give 2 ventilations and begin CPR.

If there is a risk of the AED pads touching each other, such as with a small child or an infant, you should:

Place one pad in the middle of the chest and the other on the back.

You have sized up the scene, formed an initial impression and determined the scene is safe.  When starting the primary assessment, which of the following should you do first?

Check for responsiveness

Which of the following statements about bag-valve-mask resuscitators (BVMs) is most accurate?

Ventilations are more effective when two rescuers operate the BVM.

You are preparing to give ventilations to a 5-year-old child using a resuscitation mask.  You should give 1 ventilation about every:

3 seconds

When performing chest compressions during CPR, you should give compressions at a rate of at least how many compressions per minute?

Between 100 and 120

An AED has advised that a shock should be given.  Which of the following is appropriate?

Tell everyone to stand clear of the victim.

You are about to apply AED pads to a victim's chest when you notice that the victim has several body piercings with jewelry on their chest.  Which of the following should you do?

Apply the pads to the chest, at least 1 inch away from the jewelry.

The cycle of chest compressions and ventilations in two-rescuer CPR for an infant is:

15 chest compressions and 2 ventilations

You are using a resuscitation mask to give ventilations to a child.  After you position and seal the mask, which of the following should you do next?

Tilt the victim's head back to open the airway.

You are providing care to a patron who started choking on some food.  The victim becomes unresponsive.  Which of the following should you do first?

Lower the victim to the ground and begin CPR starting with chest compressions.

Where should you place your hands when giving chest compressions to an infant during CPR?

One hand on the forehead and two or three finders on the center of the chest.

When giving abdominal thrusts to an adult who is choking, where should you position your fist?

In the middle of the abdomen, just above the navel

A person has been injured and is responsive.  You should:

Obtain consent, check the victim for life-threatening conditions and speak with the victim to find out what happened.

Your initial impression reveals severe life-threatening bleeding in an adult victim who appears to be unresponsive.  Your next step should be:

Control the bleeding with any available resources.

An injured patron is responsive and bleeding.  After summoning EMS personnel, obtaining consent and putting on disposable gloves, what is your next care step?

Press firmly against the wound with a sterile dressing and bandage.

A way to remember the questions to ask when taking a brief history is to use the acronym SAMPLE.  What does the A in SAMPLE stand for?

Allergies

What is the first step you should take in caring for a victim with burns?

Remove the victim from the source of the burn.

If a victim is having a seizure in the water:

Support the victim with their head above water until the seizure ends.

During a swim meet, the bleachers behind your guard station suddenly collapse.  As you check the scene, you notice several people who appear injured.  Who should you approach first?

A victim who appears unconscious.

When caring for musculoskeletal injuries, what does RICE stand for?

Rest, immobilize, cold, evelate

All of the following are components of scene size-up EXCEPT:

Check for responsiveness.

Signs and symptoms of sudden illness do not include:

Bruising or rigidness of the abdomen

When checking a victim during a secondary assessment you notice changes in her LOC.  What does the C stand for in LOC?

Consciousness