AP HuGe Chapter 8 Vocabulary Terms

Anocracy

A country that is not fully democratic or autocratic but rather displays a mix of the two types

Autocracy

a country that is run according to the interests of the ruler rather than the people

Balance of Power

A condition of roughly equal strength between opposing countries or alliances of countries

Boundary

An invisible line that marks the extent of a states territory

City-State

a sovereign state compromising a city and its immediately surrounding country side

Colonialism

an attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory

Colony

a territory that is legally tied to a sovereign state rather than completely independent\`

Compact state

a state in which the distance from the center to any boundary does not vary significantly

democracy

a country in which citizens elect leaders and can run for office

Elongated State

a state with a long narrow shape

federal state

an internal organization of a state that allocates strong power to units of local government

fragmented state

a state that includes several discontinuous pieces of territory

frontier

a zone separating two states in which neither state exercises control

Gerrymandering

the process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power

landlocked state

a state that does not have a direct outlet to the sea

microstate

a state that encompasses a very small land area

multiethnic state

a state that contains more than one ethnicity

multinational state

a state that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities

nation-state

a state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity

perforated state

a state that completely surrounds another one

prorupted state

an otherwise compact state with a large projecting extension

self determination

the concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves

sovereignty

ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states

state

an area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government that has control over its internal affairs and foreign affairs

Terrorism

the systematic use of violence by a group calculated to create an atmosphere of fear and alarm among a population or to coerce a government into actions it would not otherwise undertake or refrain form actions it wants to take

Unitary State

an internal organization of a state that places most power in the hands of central government officials

Things needed to be a state

Established government

Defined territory

Permanent population

Reasons for colonialism

Spread Christianity (God)

Resources (gold)

Establish political power (glory)

Basic Shapes of states

Compact Elongated Prorupted Perforated Fragmented

boundary types

Physical Cultural Frontiers

State supported terrorism

sanctuary, supplies (weapons, $, info), planning of attacks