APUSH UNIT 2

1607-1754 colonial regions

Triangular trade

Hubs in the Transatlantic trade network.

Theocracy

The purpose of serving God rather than allowing people to live.

House of Burgesses (1619)

The first legislative assembly in the American colonies.

Roger Williams

A Puritan minister who did not support merging the state & Church. For this reason, he was banned from Massachusett’s Bay and he founded Rhode Island

Pluralism

The need to govern a diverse population of different religions, ethnicities, and economic interests led to a more pragmatic and tolerant political structure

Representative Assembly

Represented the property owning citizens. The assemblies had power to…

• Pass local laws

• Approve taxes and budgets

• Serve as a check on the power of the Governer

Anglican Church

Englands official state church in the 16th century separating from the Roman Catholic Church in 1534. In Southern colonies, colonists paid taxes to support Anglican parishes (even if they didn’t attend).

Powhatan Confederacy

A network of Algonquian-speaking tribes in Virginia that interacted (often conflicted) with English settlers.

Head-right system

A land-grant policy that gave 50 acres to anyone who paid for their own or another’s passage to Virginia, encouraging migration.

Bacon’s Rebellion (1676)

A violent uprising in Virginia led by Nathaniel Bacon against Governor William Berkeley, protesting favoritism toward elites and lack of protection against Native American attacks.

New England Colonies INITIALS (A-Z)

C,M,N,R

Middle Colonies INITIALS (A-Z)

D,N,N,P

Southern colonies INITIALS (A-Z)

G,M,N,S,V

Puritans

English Protestants who sought to “purify” the Church of England; settled Massachusetts Bay Colony for religious freedom.

Quakers

A religious group in Pennsylvania known for pacifism, gender equality, and fair treatment of Native Americans.

Charter Colony

A colony granted a charter (written permission) by the king, allowing self-government (e.g., Connecticut, Rhode Island).

WHOS IMPORTANT KEY FIGURES (there are 9 to list)

John Smith, Pocahontas, John Rolfe, William Penn, Roger Williams, Anne Hutchinson, Lord Baltimore, James Oglethorpe, and Metacom.

Navigation Acts

English laws requiring colonial trade to be conducted on English ships and through English ports.

Chattel Slavery

Legal system treating enslaved people as property; became increasingly common in the Southern colonies.

Great Migration (1630s)

Movement of approximately 20,000 Puritans from England to New England.

Dominion of New England (1686-1689)

Royal attempt to unite several colonies under strict English control; ended with the Glorious Revolution.