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Declarative Knowledge
Knowledge of facts and information that can be consciously recalled.
Procedural Knowledge
Knowledge of how to perform tasks, often expressed in actions rather than words.
Dual-Code Theory
Theory suggesting that both pictorial and verbal systems are used for information representation.
Proposition
A statement expressing the relationship between elements, formulated in terms of subject and object.
Mental Imagery
Mental representation of information not currently sensed, often based on experience.
External Representation
The outward manifestation of information, either through pictures or words.
Functional-Equivalence Hypothesis
The idea that mental images are processed similarly to real perceptions.
Limitations of Mental Images
The tendency for visual images to be distorted through verbal information.
Spatial Positions
Refers to the arrangement of objects in space, often represented in propositional form.
Imaginal Representation
The use of mental imagery to represent information or concepts.
Cognitive Processing
The mental actions engaged in understanding and manipulating knowledge.
Empirical Evidence
Data collected through observation or experimentation supporting a theory.
Image Scaling
The phenomenon where it takes longer to describe details of smaller objects than larger ones in mental imagery.
Image Scanning
The process of assessing distances within mental images, with longer distances taking more time.
Mental Models
Knowledge structures that represent a person's understanding of how things work, shaped by their implicit theories.
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