Gen bio scrib.docx

Carbohydrates

The primary source of energy for living organisms.

Proteins

Composed of amino acids and plays a crucial role in the growth and repair of tissues.

Lipids

Main function is energy storage and insulation in living organisms.

Nucleic acids

The biological molecule that primarily stores genetic information in living organisms.

Enzymes

Lower the activation energy of chemical reactions.

Catabolism

The process of breaking down larger molecules into smaller units.

Oxidation

Loss of electrons in biological systems.

Redox reactions

Involve the transfer of electrons.

Active site

The component of enzymes responsible for binding to specific substrates.

High temperature

Increases enzyme activity.

pH, temperature, and substrate concentration

Factors that influence enzyme activity.

Concentration of the substrate

A change in this factor is most likely to alter enzyme activity.

pH 7 (neutral)

The optimal pH level for most enzymes in the human body.

Denature

A process that can occur to an enzyme due to high temperature.

Lactose

Composed of glucose and galactose.

Sucrose

Formed by combining glucose and fructose.

Olive oil

Contains lipids.

Vegetable

Not a major source of protein.

Starch

A polysaccharide.

Nitrogen

Not present in carbohydrates.

Hydrolysis

The process in which water is added to digest a complex carbohydrate and obtain simple sugars.

Carbohydrates and lipids

Biomolecules that contain only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Unsaturated fatty acid

The molecule represented by the given structure.

Sieve Tube Element (Plant)

The plant cell type that provides structural support and transports water and nutrients.

Xylem Vessel Element

The plant cell type responsible for structural support and composed of elongated cells with thick walls.

Neuron

The cell type responsible for transmitting electrical signals and facilitating communication in the nervous system.

Lymphocyte

The cell type in animals responsible for producing