microbiology Staphylococcus + Streptococcus

G+ (purple) cocci in clusters

how does Staphylococcus appear on a gram stain?

Staphylococcus

which, Staphylococcus or Streptococcus appears as cocci in clusters?

non-enriched media

where can Staphylococcus grow in the lab?

yes

can Staphylococcus grow on non enriched media?

catalase +

oxidase -

what are the results of the catalase and oxidase text of Staphylococcus?

yes

is Staphylococcus pyogenic?

in the environment or normally on mucous membranes in the upper respiratory tract, lower urogenital tract, and skin

where does Staphylococcus live?

both- it lives both in the environment and on the mucous membranes of animals

are infections of Staphylococcus endogenous or exogenous?

S. aureus

S. pseudointermedius

S. hyicus

what are the important Staphylococcus species?

Staphylococcus

which bacteria is this?

-traumas

-immunosuppression

-intercurrent infections

-allergic conditions

-endocrine and metabolic disturbances

what factors predispose an animal to an Staphylococcus infection?

mastitis in cattle

Staphylococcus aureus causes _______ in what animals?

pigs, sheep, goats, horses, dogs, cats, poultry

Staphylococcus aureus mainly infects _______, but can also cause skin problems in what species?

dogs and cats

what species can be infected by Staphylococcus pseudointermedius?

skin problems, otitis, cystitis, endometritis

what problems does Staphylococcus pseudointermedius cause in dogs and cats?

Staphylococcus pseudointermedius

which species causes skin problems, otitis, cystitis, and endometritis in dogs and cats?

S. hyicus

which species of Staphylococcus mainly infects pigs?

Staphylococcus hyicus

which species causes exudative epidermitis in pigs?

Greasy Pig Disease

what disease does Staphylococcus hyicus cause?

Staphylococcus hyicus

which bacteria causes Greasy Pig Disease?

Staphylococcus aureus

which species caused this?

S. aureus

which species of Staphylococcus commonly causes mastitis in cattle?

used for infections of Staphylococcus aureus to diagnose subclinical mastitis.

to perform it, we mix milk from each teat with the reagent, and if there are clots- there is mastitis

what is the california test used for?

california test

what test is used to diagnose subclinical mastitis?

Staphylococcus aureus (but these symptoms are also caused by S. pseudointermedius)

skin scrapings, or swab if there are secretions

this dermatitis was caused by the species ______. what specimens would we take?

Greasy Pig Disease (exudative epidermitis)

caused by Staphylococcus hyicus

what is this disease? it is caused by which bacteria?

Staphylococcus pseudointermedialis

this otitis was caused by what species of bacteria?

-antiphagocytic proteins in the cell wall

-exotoxins: enterotoxins, toxic shock syndrome toxins, exfoliative toxins

what are the virulence factors of Staphylococcus?

exfoliative toxins

which toxins do Staphylococcus produce that cause skin lesions?

coagulase, catalase

what enzymes do Staphylococcus produce?

transforms fibrinogen to fibrin, which protects the bacteria

what does the enzyme coagulase do?

allows survival inside of phagocytes because it inhibits free radical actions

what does the enzyme catalase do?

Staphylococcus

what bacteria is this?

any affect- it can be alpha, beta, or gamma

on blood agar, what is the effect of Staphylococcus?

yes- facultatively (with or without O2), at 37 degrees

can Staphylococcus grow on non enriched media?

gamma- no hemolysis

what type of hemolysis does Staphylococcus hyicus produce on blood agar?

negative, positive

Staphylococcus is oxidase _________ and catalase ________

S. agalactiae

S. dysgalactiae

S. equi

S. zooepidermicus

S. suis

S. canis

what are the important species of Streptococcus?

beta

what type of hemolysis does Streptococcus agalactiae produce on blood agar?

alpha

what type of hemolysis does Streptococcus dysgalactiae produce on blood agar?

beta

what type of hemolysis does Streptococcus equi produce on blood agar?

beta

what type of hemolysis does Streptococcus zooepidermicus produce on blood agar?

alpha

what type of hemolysis does Streptococcus suis produce on blood agar?

beta

what type of hemolysis does Streptococcus canis produce on blood agar?

cattle, sheep, goats, humans, dogs

what species does Streptococcus agalactiae affect?

cattle and lambs

what species are infected by Streptococcus dysgalactiae?

Streptococcus equi

what species of Streptococcus only infects horses?

horses, cattle, lambs, pigs, poultry

what species does Streptococcus zooepidermicus infect?

pigs and humans

what species does Streptococcus suis infect?

carnivores

Streptococcus canis infect what species?

S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae

which species of Streptococcus causes mastitis in cattle?

milk ducts and vagina of cattle, sheep, goats, humans, and dogs

what is the usual habitat of Streptococcus agalactiae?

neonatal septicemia

what affect does Streptococcus agalactiae have on dogs and humans?

chronic mastitis

what affect does an infection of Streptococcus agalactiae have on cattle, sheep, and goats?

buccal cavity and vagina of cattle and lambs and the environment

what is the usual habitat of Streptococcus dysgalactiae?

cattle- acute mastitis

lambs- polyarthritis

what is the effect of Streptococcus dysgalactiae on cattle and lambs?

Streptococcus dysgalactiae

what bacteria causes polyarthritis in lambs?

strangles

what is the effect of Streptococcus equi on horses?

Streptococcus equi

which bacteria causes strangles in horses?

upper resp. tract and guttural pouch of horses

what is the normal habitat of Streptococcus equi?

Streptococcus equi

which bacteria normally lives in the guttural pouches and URT of horses?

mastitis, pneumonia, navel infections

what is the effect of Streptococcus zooepidermicus on horses?

mucous membranes of horses

skin and mucous membranes of cattle, lambs, pigs, and poultry

what is the natural habitat of Streptococcus zooepidermicus?

suppurative conditions, septicemia

if cattle, lamb, pigs, or poultry have a Streptococcus zooepidermicus infection, what are the signs?

Streptococcus suis

which bacteria normally lives in the tonsils or nasal cavity of pigs and humans?

the tonsils or nasal cavity of pigs and humans

Streptococcus suis normally lives in_____

septicemia, meningitis (Porcine Streptococcal Meningitis), arthritis, bronchopneumonia

Streptococcus suis causes what conditions in pigs?

meningitis, septicemia

what effects does a Streptococcus suis infection have on humans?

vagina and anal mucosa of carnivores

where does Streptococcus canis usually live?

neonatal septicemia, suppurative conditions, toxic shock syndrome

Streptococcus canis has what type of effect in carnivores?

Streptococcus canis

which Streptococcus species normally lives in the anal mucosa or vagina of carnivores?

G+ (purple) cocci in chains

how does Streptococcus appear when using the gram stain?

Streptococcus

which bacteria?

Streptococcus

which bacteria?

Streptococcus

which Staphylococcus or Streptococcus is more sensitive to environmental conditions, so becomes pathogenic more easily?

abscesses, septicemia, and suppurative lesions

what are the main causes of Streptococcus?

Streptococcus suis

what bacteria causes Porcine Streptococcal Meningitis?

Streptococcus agalactiae OR Streptococcus dysgalactiae

what species of Streptococcus caused this?

Streptococcus equi

what bacteria causes strangles?

Streptococcus suis, pneumonia, arthritis, meningitis

Porcine Streptococcus Meningitis is caused by __________ and causes what problems?

Streptococcus suis

what bacteria caused this?

Streptococcus equi

fever, nasal discharge, abscesation of lymph nodes

what are the symptoms of strangles? what bacteria causes it?

Streptococcus

which bacteria is highly susceptible to dessication?

Streptococcus

what bacteria?

no

can Streptococcus grow on non enriched media?

negative, negative

Streptococcus is catalase_________ and oxidase _________

Streptococcus

which, Streptococcus or Staphylococcus, is CAMP positive?

arrowhead

Streptococcus forms what shape in the CAMP test?

Streptococcus

what bacteria caused the arrowhead shape?

Staphylococcus aureus

which bacteria is used for the control/first hemolysis?

a serological method of classifying Streptococcus species based on the antigen

what is the lancefield classification?

Staphylococcus

which, Staphylococcus or Streptococcus caused these lesions?