monosaccharides & disaccharides

definition of monosaccharides

monomers of carbohydrates, containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

properties of monosaccharides

• soluble in water

• serve as fundamental components in metabolism and biosynthesis

structure of glucose

• alpha glucose and beta glucose

• both isomers of each other

• alpha glucose - H on top, OH on bottom

• reverse for beta glucose

definition of disaccharides

carbohydrates formed when two monosaccharides join via a glycosidic bond

examples of disaccharides

• maltose - alpha glucose x2

• sucrose - glucose + fructose

• lactose - glucose + galactose

how do disaccharides form and break down

• condensation

• polymerisation

what bond is formed between two monosaccharides

glycosidic bond (1,4 and 1,6)