APUSH: UNIT 3 FLASHCARDS

Courers De Bois

French fur traders known as "Runners of the Woods" who played a significant role in the fur trapping economy in the New World.

Lieutenant Colonel George Washington

Sent to secure Virginia's claims in the Ohio Valley, his actions marked the beginning of the French and Indian War.

Battle of Quebec

A crucial British victory in 1759 that led to France losing most of its holdings in the New World.

Olive Branch Petition

A peace attempt by the colonists in 1775, proclaiming loyalty to the king but rejected by King George III.

Common Sense

A pamphlet by Thomas Paine in 1776 advocating for American independence rather than reconciliation with Britain.

Patriots vs

Also known as Whigs vs. Tories, this division characterized the American Revolution with rebels treating Loyalists poorly.

Articles of Confederation

America's first constitution adopted in 1777, creating a weak central government with limited powers.

Constitutional Convention

A meeting that led to the proposal of the U.S. Constitution, including debates between Federalists and Anti-Federalists.

Three-Fifths Compromise

Agreement on the representation of slave states in Congress, counting three-fifths of the slave population for representation.

George Washington

Unanimously elected as the first U.S. president in 1789, establishing precedents for the new republic.

Whiskey Rebellion

Protest against Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey in Western Pennsylvania, put down by Washington's militiamen.

Neutrality Proclamation of 1793

Washington's decision to stay neutral in the war between France and England, supported by Hamilton but deemed unnecessary by Jefferson.

Jay's Treaty

Temporary peace treaty made by Chief Justice John Jay to resolve tensions with England, supported by Hamilton but criticized by Jefferson.

Pinckney's Treaty of 1795

Agreement granting Americans free navigation of the Mississippi River and other rights, aimed at keeping America out of an alliance with England.

XYZ Affair

Diplomatic incident where Americans had to bribe French officials to negotiate, leading to tensions and preparations for war.

Bill of Rights

First 10 Amendments guided by James Madison, ratified in 1791 to protect individual liberties.

Formation of Political Parties

Emergence of Federalists led by Hamilton and Democratic-Republicans led by Jefferson and Madison, shaping early American politics.

George Washington's Farewell Address

Washington's advice on national unity, caution against political factions, and warning about foreign alliances.

Expansion of Slavery

Growth of slavery in the deep south and adjacent western lands, leading to rising antislavery movements and regional differences.

Compact Theory

Idea that states should decide on the constitutionality of federal laws, proposed in the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions by Jefferson and Madison.