Media Industries Final

Beginning of film patterns

Experimentation and Invention - will this gimmick solve a problem, fill a need? What to do w it?

Unorganized, "wild west" phase; no rules, opportunities, growth (outsiders- gender, ethnic, nerds)

Unintended consequences shape media in ways nobody expected

Mom and pop era of production, exhibition

Audience support, input, FAN involvement

Technological improvements or shifts and changes

MONEY as media popularity rises, money becomes important, some folks get rich

Consolidation into giant corporations, economies of scale, vertical integration, industry dominance

The Mature Era

Oligopoly/CONGLOMERATION - a few Dominant Companies

Advertising, how to pay for content? or No advertising? Sponsors + "free" or subscriptions?

CONTENT - distinctive programming forms shaped by technology and cultural context

STARS- roles in narrative, promotion, fan involvement

media form ( technology and culture shape with liveness, seriality, polish, local or national scope?)

Moral Panic!!!! Concerns about effects on young viewers

Censorship, and/or industry self-censorship

Government Regulation and involvement in this media form?

Decline and change

Technological change - creates holes/gaps/opportunities in mature system, vcrs or streaming!

New competition from outside and edges of media system

MASS Audience becomes split up into many small niches

Revisit the advertising/no advertising question - new ways of paying can make new media

OLD media system overthrown by NEW media - OLD media inevitably changes into something else

Newest media takes off in its own "wild west" or un-organized chaotic period......

CONTENT AND FORMCONTENT

- distinctive programming forms shaped by technology and cultural contextSTARS- roles in narrative, promotion, fan involvementmedia form ( technology and culture shape with liveness, seriality, polish, local or nationalDiversity how did gender/race/ethnicity impact to produce, act in, or be represented in media;how did historical situations promote diversity, or prevent it?

Censors and Regulators

Moral Panic!!!! Concerns about effects on young viewers

Censorship, and/or industry self-censorship

Government Regulation and involvement in this media form?

The success of the films Jaws in 1975 and Star Wars in 1977 ushered inthe age of blockbuster movies. Discuss at least 3 most significant ways inwhich blockbuster reshaped the Hollywood movie industry (especially inthe 1970s-2000s before superhero movies became overly dominant).

• Summer release (theaters used to be DEAD in summer)• Target to desired young audience - 13-33 is aim, same young audiencewatching SNL and New Hollywood movies etc.• Nationwide rollout (not just in a few cities at a time) - Used to be that it took along time to get movies, 9 months for new feature films to appear across thecountry! Now everyone can see the movie at the same time, increase buzz,want to see it multiple times - great for ticket sales• Massive TV and print spending on promotion, built crowds outside theater,great word of mouth and anticipation - great for ticket sales• Special effects, music, action, editing• Spawned amusement park rides, video games, toys, sequels - $$$

What are at least 3 significant ways in which the expansion ofcable subscriptions services across the US in the 1970s-1990simpacted TV viewers' experiences. Consider audience factors,production factors, narrative options. Explain which eachreason was important, and provide a specific example to giveevidence for each of your major points.

More explicit content because it's behind a paywall• Need to fill all the new channels with new content• Reality TV, HBO - "quality TV," QVC, channels just for sports,MTV - music videos!• Re-runs of old shows, TCM - old MGM movies - cheap to getcontent makes • Blur movies and TV - watch at home• News channels - 24-hour news cycle begins• Cable just provides distribution, doesn't make programs• More $$ to make

Media conglomeration

How did we move from cable to streaming to giant media companies

Technology changes Tv and Movies 70s-90s

VCRs and Cable

Blurs movies and TV-watch at home

wide range of program choices

collecting and watching repeatedly

unintended consequences, lots of moneys

Cable TV: impacts the media landscape

starts in rural areas in 50-60s (3Channel Tv didnt reach them)

takes off in early 80s

Having to connect with wires and long contracts

what to show?

Emergence of cable channels

HBO: Its not TV its HBO "quality"

MTV: Music videos on TV

Turner: Ted Tunner, TBS, TCM

the niches

Re Runs

shopping channels

ESPN; Sports

channel impacts

More money to make

cable just provides distribution- makes no programs

more programs

more space

the indie movie boom- 1990-2000

Media industry conglomeration and economic convergence

Media conglomeration started when companies started to create more things (more shows on 1 channel)

different than 3 channel sponsor tv

1980s Blockbuster earnings make movie studios targets

--swallowed in 1980s-1990s Tv networks, cable channels

Deregulation huge entertainment machines

Intellectual property moved across all pipelines (movies, cable, tv, books, DVD, music)

synergy of content

across media platforms

world building: creates a vast and detailed narrative space you dip into

blockbusters: comic movies, sequels, remakes

complicated narratives on TV

lots of backstory: for the dedicated fans

extra info on websites

sells more stuff across the media conglomerate

what media form was the most tightly controlled

3 channel TV