AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT + SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

Gaileilo

Made:

Telescope

The starry messenger

The dialoges on the two cheif world systems of the universe→ His work plus Corpincis go on index of prohited books

was called a heritic by the church→ sent into house arrest

known for the principle of motion

Kepler

Laws of Plantary Montion

Coperinicus

Not commended, he was kind to pope

Writes on the revolution of the heavenly bodies / orbs / spears

Known for Heilocentric view

Published his book on his deathbed

Tyche brahe

Keeps a record of the skys, later used by johan kepler

Issac Newton

Made:

Book- Penicpa

Univeral law of gravitation

Newtonian world machine

Gaylien

Greek Physician

Discusses 4 bodily huomers

Opposites attract

Paraceluis

Like cures Like

Pascal

Writes Pensees → attempt to convert rationalists to christanty

Descartes

Cogito ergo sum” = I think, therefore I am

● I can prove that I exist & nothing else

Cartesian Dualism→ mind and body separate

Father of Modern Rationalism

Voltaire

Written Works:

(1) Essay on the Customs & Spirits of

Nations, 1756

(2) Candide, 1759

(3) Philosophical Dictionary, 1764

pretty much js praises england for our 1st amendment

no likey slavery french or the church

Desim he like

Baron de Montesquieu

Influencail

Separation of Powers: Checks and Balances

Makes:

Sprit of the Laws

• The Persian Letters,
  1721

• Fictional account

• Two Persians traveling through
  France
  Criticizing Catholic
  Church
  Criticizes Absolute
  Monarchy

Plurality of Worlds

Made by Bernard de Fontanelle, a man who was a Bridge between scientific revolution and enlightenment.

Written as a dialogue between a lady & her lover

John Locke

a man Pior to age of Enlightenment, influential, opposite of Hobbes

(1) Two Treatises of Government, 1689

• limited monarchy = best form of gov't

• everyone born with "natural rights" (Life Liberty Property)

• if the gov't takes them from you, you have the right to rebel

(2) Essay Concerning Human Understanding, 1690

• Tabula rasa / "Blank slate"

• People are born good & innocent

Thomas Hobbes

(anti-philosophe!)

(1) The Leviathan, 1651

• All men are born evil, greedy, awful, selfish people

• Need a strong ruler to keep people in check

• If left to their own devices, there will be chaos

Diddero

Known for Enciclopida of all knowledge

Hulback and Hune

Known Ateists

Physiocrates

Enlightened thinks who deal with economics

Ex:

Adam Smith

Laissez-faire

Adam Smith

Liassez-faire

Trys to shy away from merchantilsm ( the idea that a nation's wealth is dependent upon gold ) and instead the idea that a nations wealth is dependent upon their labor

Jean Jacques Rousseau

• Stressed the importance of the general
  will = the will of the people as a whole

• The good of the community should be placed above the interests of the individual

Mary Astell

Wrote :

A serious proposal to the ladies→ women needed to become more educated

Mary Wollstonecraft

Wrote:

Vindication of the rights of women → claimed that in nature male in female species are equal, also wanted more educated women

Rococo

Art that is happy joyful, no religion incorporated

Articture: Gold, curves, Domes, Patterns, similar to Barqoe

Neoclassical Art

1780-1820

● Characterized by Edgar Allen Poe’s words: “The Glory that

was Greece and the grandeur that was Rome”

● Reaction against the fluffy/ ornate Rococo art & a return to

rigidity

● Return to order, reason, logic

● Desire to return to secularization of Rome

● Archaeology mania swept through Europe in early 1700’s

● Viewed as “politically correct art”● Characteristics:

(1) Subjects = Greco-Roman mythology;