Childbearing/Reproductive Hlth - Exam 1

Exam 1: Reproductive anatomy, conception, and contraception

Outer Layer of Corpus

Serosal layer

Middle Layer of Corpus

• Smooth muscle, contracts during labor

• Myometrium

Inner Layer of Corpus

• endometrium

• mucus layer

Top Rounded Layer of Corpus

• Fundus

• Contractions start here

Isthmus

• Lower uterine segment

• Typical site for C-Section

• Just above cervix

Ovaries

• Primary source of hormones estrogen and progesterone

• Follicles rupture to release an ovum during ovulation

Menstural Phase

• Days 1-5 of menstrual cycle

• Start of cycle

Proliferative Phase

• Days 6-14 of menstrual cycle

• After menstruation, cervical mucous favorable for sperm

Secretory Phase

• Days 15-26 of menstrual cycle

• Follows ovulation, ovum fertile for 6-24 hours

• Ovum fertilized in ampulla, 3-4 day trip to uterus

Ischemic Phase

• Days 27-28

• No pregnancy

Corpus Luteum

• Develops from the ruptured follicle at ovulation

• At fertilization the egg produces hCG, which maintains this

• Produces progesterone until week 10 of pregnancy

• Maintains pregnancy until the placenta is mature

Amnion

Innermost layer of embryonic membrane

Chorion

Outermost layer of embryonic membrane

Chorionic Villi

• Fingerlike projections

• Secrete hCG

• Form fetal part of placenta

hCG

• Doubles every 48 hours until 10 weeks, then levels off and decreases

• Prevents ovulation and menstruation

Oral Contraceptives

• Can be estrogen/progestin combinations

• Inhibit release of an ovum

• Thicken cervical mucous to inhibit sperm transport

• 91% effective

• No STI protection

Nuvaring

Wear for 3 weeks, remove for 1 week

Transdermal Patch

Wear one each week for 3 weeks, 4th week no patch

Depo Injection

• Every 11-13 weeks

• 94% effective

• May decrease/reduce menstrual flow and PMS symptoms

Implanon/Nexplanon

• Synthetic capsule containing projestin implanted in arm

• Effective for 3-5 years

• 99% effective

• May have spotting

IUD

• Triggers a spermicidal type reaction; prevents fertilization

• ParaGard (Copper T): nonhormonal, use up to 10 years

• Mirena: releases progesterone, use up to 5 years

• 97-99% effective

• Check monthly

Female condoms

• Some protection against STI’s

• 79% effective

Diaphragm

• Latex dome that fits over cervix, must be used with spermicide

• 88% effective, affects spontaneity

• Can place up to 6 hours before intercourse, leave in place 6 hours after

Vaginal Sponge

• Placed internally before intercourse

• Leave in for 6 hours

Bilateral Tubal Ligation

• Sterilization

• Fallopian tubes are interrupted (cut, tying, clipping, plugged)

Morning After Pill

Take with in 72 hours after intercourse