2024 Topic 3 Trauma Exam

Explain the components of DRSABCD

D = Check for dangers using all senses

R = Check for response and conciousness

S = Send for help

A = Check airways

B = Check breathing by looking, listening, and feeling

C = CPR

D = Defib

Explain the components of COWS

C = Can you hear me

O = Open you eyes

W = W question

S = Squeeze my hands

Explain the components of SAMPLE

S = What symptoms are you currently experiencing

A = Do you have any allergies - if yes what kind of reaction

M = Do you take any medication - if yes what for

P = What is your past and current medical history

L = When and what did you last eat

E = What were the events leading up to this

What is the acronym SAMPLE used for

To assess a patient’s history

Explain the components of AVPU

A = Alert

V = Responds to voice

P = Responds to pain

U = Unresponsive

What must you ask the patient before perorming a heat to toe

Consent

What is a respiratory rate measuring

The number of breaths per minute of a patient

What is the normal range for an adult RR

12 - 20 breaths per minute

What is considered a low respiratory rate AND what is the medical term

<12 = bradypnea

What is considered a high respiratory rate AND what is the medical term

>20 = tachypnea

Where are the carotid, brachial, radial, and pedal pulse points located

Neck, inner elbow, below thumb, and top of foot

What is a heart rate measuring

The number of times the heart beats per minute of a patient

What is the normal range for an adult heart rate

60 - 100 beats per minute

What is considered a low heart rate AND what is the medical term

<60 = bradycardia

What is considered a high heart rate AND what is the medical term

>100 = tachycardia

When should you count the pulse for a full minute INSTEAD of 30sec*2

When the heartbeat is irregular

What is considered a normal SpO2 level

>94%

What is SpO2 measuring

The amount of oxygen is in your bloodstream (carried by haemoglobin) and is able to supply energy to tissues

What is the medical term for Spo2 less than 90%

Hypoxia

What does the waveform on the Spo2 moniter indicate

How effectively oxygen is being supplied to tissues and how accurate the trace is

What is the normal range for a temperature

35.5 - 37.5 celsius

What is considered a low temperature AND what is the medical term

<35.5 = hypothermia

What is considered a high temperature AND what is the medical term

>37.5 = hyperthemia/febrile

What is a blood pressure measuring

The force of blood against the walls of the arteries

What do systolic and diastolic represent

Systolic = Contraction of ventricles

Diastolic = Relaxation of ventricles

Why are there 2 numbers in a blood pressure reading

Because the pressure against the arteries changes between contraction (systolic) and relaxation (diastolic)

What is the normal systolic blood pressure range

100 - 140

What is the medical term for high blood pressure

Hypertension

What is an acceptable diastolic blood pressure

60 - 90

What is the medical term for low blood pressure

Hypotension

What systolic blood pressure indicates hypotension

<100

Are checking BP’s part of your scope

No

What is the medical term for high blood sugar

Hyperglycemia

What is the medical term for low blood sugar

Hypoglecemia

What blood sugar level is consistent with hypoglycemia

<4mmol

What is more dangerous short torm - high or low blood sugar?

Low