A physical field that arises from the presence of electrically charged particles and affects the behavior of those particles.
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Electric field
A region of space around an electrically charged particle or group of particles, in which other electrically charged particles experience a force.
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Magnetic field
A region of space around a magnet or moving electric charge, in which other magnets or moving electric charges experience a force.
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Electromagnetic waves
A type of wave that consists of oscillating electric and magnetic fields, which propagate through space at the speed of light.
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Coulomb’s Law
A fundamental law of electrostatics that describes the interaction between electric charges.
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Gauss’s Law
A fundamental law of electromagnetism that relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the charge enclosed within that surface.
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Faraday’s Law
A fundamental law of electromagnetism that describes how a changing magnetic field induces an electric field.
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Ampere’s Law
A fundamental law of electromagnetism that relates the magnetic field around a closed loop to the electric current flowing through that loop.
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Maxwell’s Equations
A set of four partial differential equations that describe the behavior of electromagnetic fields and their interactions with charged particles.
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**Magnetic flux**
It is the measure of the strength of a magnetic field passing through a given area. It is denoted by the symbol Φ and is measured in Weber (Wb) or Tesla meter squared (Tm²).
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Φ = B \* A \* cos(θ)
Magnetic flux Formula
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EMF = -dΦ/dt
Electromagnetic Induction Formula
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ε = -dΦ/dt
Lenz's law Formula
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L = NΦ/I
inductance of a circuit formula
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inductor
A passive electronic component that stores energy in a magnetic field when an electric current flows through it.
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LR circuit
A circuit that consists of a resistor (R) and an inductor (L) connected in series. When a voltage is applied to the circuit, the current that flows through the circuit changes over time due to the inductor's behavior.
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LC circuit
a type of resonant circuit consisting of an inductor (L) and a capacitor (C) connected together.
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f = 1 / (2π√LC)
**resonant frequency** of an LC circuit formula
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Gauss's Law for Electric Fields
This equation states that the electric flux through any closed surface is proportional to the charge enclosed within the surface.
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Gauss's Law for Magnetic Fields
This equation states that the magnetic flux through any closed surface is zero.
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Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction
This equation states that a changing magnetic field induces an electric field
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Ampere's Law with Maxwell's Correction
This equation relates the magnetic field to the current density and the rate of change of the electric field.
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