AP World Unit 9 (Globalization- 1900 to present)

Globalization

The process of increasing interconnection and interdependence among countries, cultures, and economies, driven by advancements in technology, trade, and communication.

New tech

• Radio - speaker directly to listener

• Television - news broadcast, felt connected

• Cellular Phone- talk to ppl over distances

• Internet- World Wide Web

• Air travel / Cars

• Shipping containers- major businesses shift production to developing countries

• Petroleum over coal, and nuclear power (over fossil fuels)

• antibiotics, vaccines, birth control(pop decline)

• commerical farming

The Green Revolution

A period of agricultural transformation that increased food production worldwide through the use of high-yield crops, chemical fertilizers, and advanced irrigation techniques, significantly impacting global food security.

harmful effects on environment

Disease assosciated with poverty

Malaria

Tuberculosis

Epidemics/Pandemics and Age disease

• 1918 Influenze Pandemic

• HIV/Aids

• Covid

Age: Alzheimer’s & heart disease

Enviro Problems

• deforestation

• desertification (desert like land)

• decline in air/water quality

• climate change (human or nature caused)

Economic liberalization

• Ronald Reagan in U.S.

• U.K Margaret Thatcher

• both undermined labor unions/workers

• Pinochet towards free market in Chile

Knowledge Workers- more developed countries whose main capital is for brains over body

Manufacturing- developing countries (Asia/Latin America)

World Trade Organization

An international organization that regulates and facilitates international trade between nations, aiming to ensure that trade flows as smoothly and predictably as possible.

different regional unions (European Unions)

Multinational Corporations

Companies operating in multiple countries, often influencing global trade policies and economies by leveraging resources and labor from various regions.

Human Rights Movemental

• Universal Dec. of Human Rights (UN in 1948)

• UN First World Conference on Women

• Negritude

• Liberation Theology

Pol/Econ Reforms

• Women’s Sufrrage

• Civil Rights Act

• Caste Reservation System

Reactions to Globalization

• environmentalism

Culture on Globalization

• Art (Reggae and K-pop)

• Entertainment (Hollywood and Bollywood)

• Global Sports

• Consumer Culture (ads with mass produced goods, global brands)

Global Econ Institutions

• World Bank

• IMF

• is it a new form of economic imperialism

• development of new social media (WEIBO in China)

United Nations

An international organization founded in 1945 to promote peace, security, and cooperation among countries. It addresses global issues such as human rights, development, and international law.

• general assembly (makes humanitarian policies)

• Security Council (maintains international peace) with veto power