Neurons that carry incoming information from the body’s tissues and sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord
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agonist
A molecule that increases the action of a neurotransmitter
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neurogenesis
The formation of new neurons
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thalamus
The brains sensory control center, located on top of the brain stem; directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla
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glial cells
Cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons; they also play a role in learning, thinking, and memory
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motor (efferent) neurons
Neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands
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pituitary gland
The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands
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refractory period
In neural processing, a brief resting pause that occurs after a neuron has fried; subsequent action potentials cannot occur until the axon returns to its resting state
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interneurons
Neurons within the brain and spinal cord; communicate internally and process information between the sensory inputs and motor outputs
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antagonist
A molecule that inhibits it blocks the action of a neurotransmitter
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reticular formation
A nerve network that travels through the brain stem into the thalamus and plays an important role in controlling arousal
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blindsight
A condition in which a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it
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adrenal glands
A pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that help arouse the body in times of stress
Studied by 5 people
