Oral hypoglycemic drugs

What is the mechanism of action of acarbose?

Acarbose blocks the alpha glucosidase enzyme and slows glucose absorption from the GI tract.

What are some side effects of acarbose?

Abdominal pain, flatulence, diarrhea.

When should acarbose be taken?

Acarbose should be taken with the first bite of food; do not take it if you skip a meal.

What potential liver issue is associated with acarbose?

Acarbose can cause increased liver enzymes and can lead to hepatotoxicity if not monitored properly.

What is one of the main actions of Metformin?

Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production and increases insulin sensitivity.

What are common side effects of Metformin?

Gastrointestinal upset, lactic acidosis (rare), nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.

How should Metformin be taken to minimize side effects?

Metformin should be taken with food to minimize gastrointestinal side effects.

What is the function of Sulfonylureas?

Sulfonylureas stimulate insulin secretion from the pancreas and enhance peripheral insulin sensitivity.

What are the side effects of Sulfonylureas?

Hypoglycemia, weight gain, and gastrointestinal disturbances.

What is crucial to monitor when taking Sulfonylureas?

It is crucial to monitor blood sugar levels regularly when taking this class of medication.