Civil Rights and Women's Suffrage Flashcards

Flashcards about Civil Rights and Women's Suffrage

Booker T. Washington

Born a slave; acquired education at Hampton Institute; urged blacks to attend trade schools and adopt standards of white culture; Founder and President of Tuskegee Institute

Tuskegee Institute

Emphasized vocational education; students worked long hours; manners, hygiene, character, religion received heavy emphasis.

What was the Atlanta Compromise (1895)?

Speech delivered by Washington; urged southern blacks to accept discrimination as unchangeable; blacks should commit to economic improvement first.

W.E.B. DuBois

First African American to receive Ph.D. from Harvard; criticized Booker T. Washington; formed Niagara Movement; helped form the NAACP; editor of The Crisis.

What did the Niagara Movement demand?

Aggressive action demanding manhood suffrage, equal opportunities, end to segregation, and prohibition of discrimination.

NAACP

Formed in response to 1908 Springfield, IL race riot; magazine called The Crisis; fought for women's suffrage; involved in legal battles against segregation; launched campaign against lynching.

Marcus Garvey

Established Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA); campaigned against lynching, Jim Crow laws, denial of black voting rights, and racial discrimination; argued for segregation.

What did Marcus Garvey do in 1919 and 1920?

Formed Black Cross Navigation and Trading Company; elected provisional president of Africa; arrested and charged with fraud and deported to Jamaica.

Lynching

Illegal execution of an accused person by a mob.

Ida B. Wells

Investigated lynching; published The Red Record; lectured widely; helped establish British Anti-Lynching Committee.

What did Ida B. Wells argue in 'Lynching and the Excuse for It'?

Argued main aim of lynching was to intimidate blacks from becoming involved in politics.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott

Organized the Women's Rights Convention at Seneca Falls.

What did NWSA condemn and advocate?

Condemned 14th and 15th Amendments; advocated easier divorce and an end to discrimination in employment and pay.

American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA)

Only concerned with voting rights.

What was NAWSA's 3 prong strategy?

Convince state legislatures, pursue court cases, push for a Constitutional amendment.

Carrie Chapman Catt

Elected president of NAWSA – succeeds Susan B. Anthony

Alice Paul

Joined the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU); arrested and imprisoned three times; used aggressive tactics.

What militant methods did Alice Paul introduce?

Huge organized demonstrations; daily picketing of White House.

Hunger Strikes

Prison authorities force-fed women on hunger strikes.

When was the 19th Amendment ratified?

August 26, 1920 – guaranteed women right to vote

Alice Paul

Argued 19th Amendment not sufficient; needed constitutional amendment that prohibited all discrimination based on sex