ap psych unit 5 pt 2: intelligence

algorithm

algorithm

step by step procedure to solve the problem

insight

sudden solution to a problem

inductive reasoning

figuring out general rules from specific examples

fixation

stuck in one way of thinking

availablity heuristic

judging the likelyhood based in recalled examples

representative heuristic

judging likelihood based in similarity to prototypes

framing

how a problem or choice is presented

anchoring effect

reliance on initial information when making judgements

confirmation bias

only seeing what fits your beliefs

belief perserverance

sticking to beliefs even with new information

belief bias

letting beliefs influence logic

overconfidence bias

overestimating one’s abilities or knowledge

convergent thinkers

solving problems using logical methods

divergent thinkers

generate multiple solutions to a problem creatively

psychometricians

design psychological tests and measurements

creativity

generates unique and new ideas

constructs

ideas representing theoretical concepts in psychology

standardizafion

making tests have consistent procedures and scoring

norms

standards that are used to compare individual performance

test retest method

assessing consistency by testing twice

split half method

dividing test in half for reliability assessment

alternate form method

using different but equivalent test version

interrater reliability

constancy anong different raters or observers

validity

accuracy of a test measuring what it claims

performance test

measures practical skills or abilities directly

observational test

evaluates behavior through direct observation

speed tests

measure how quickly tests can be completed

general mental ability

overall cognitive capacity or intelligence

interests influence

hobbies or preferences affecting behavior or choices

personality

unique pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

amplitude tests

assessing the strength of a response

achievement tests

assessment knowledge or skills

tests

to assess in various area

personnel testing

assessing job related skills for employment

professionals

individuals with expertise in a specific field

reification

treating abstract concepts as real

intellectual disability

lower than 70 iq

adaptive behavior

skills used to effectively navigate daily life

severity

degree of seriousness of a condition

factor analysis

statistical method to identify the underlying factors in the data