Unit 4 Chemistry Test
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50 Terms
1
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What are Ionic Bonds?
Bonds between a metal and a non-metal
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What do Ionic Bonds do?
They transfer electrons from the metal to the non-metal.
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What are some characteristics of Ionic Compounds?
High melting point, high boiling points, conductivity when dissolved in water, and form crystal lattices
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What are Metallic bonds?
Bonds formed between metal atoms
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What is a characteristic of electrons in Metallic Bonds?
They are freely flowing around multiple atomic nuclei
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What are covalent bonds?
Bonds formed between two non-metals
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What do covalent bonds do?
They share electrons between two non-metals
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What is electronegativity?
An atom’s ability to attract electrons in a bond
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What are the three types of covalent bonds?
Nonpolar, polar, and ionic
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What are non polar covalent bonds
Covalent bonds in which the electrons are shared equally
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What are polar covalent bonds
Covalent bonds in which the electrons are shared unequally
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What is the range in electronegativity for Ionic bonds
> 1.7
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What is the range in electronegativity for polar covalent bonds
0\.4 - 1.7
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What is the range in electronegativity for nonpolar covalent bonds
< 0.4
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What are hydrocarbons?
Molecules that contain only carbon and hnydrogen
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What are the three main families of hydrocarbons?
Alkanes, Alkenes, and Alkynes
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What is the formula for Alkanes?
CxH2x+2
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What is the formula for Alkenes?
CxH2x
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What is the formula for Alkynes?
CxH2x-2
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What is the prefix for 1 carbon atom?
Meth-
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What is the prefix for 2 carbon atoms?
Eth-
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What is the prefix for 3 carbon atoms?
Prop-
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What is the prefix for 4 carbon atoms?
But-
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What is the prefix for 5 carbon atoms?
Pent-
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What is the prefix for 6 carbon atoms?
Hex-
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What is the prefix for 7 carbon atoms?
Hept-
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What is the prefix for 8 carbon atoms?
Oct-
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What is the prefix for 9 carbon atoms?
Non-
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What is the prefix for 10 carbon atoms?
Dec-
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What is Dissociation?
A process in which ionic substances dissolve
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What are binary compounds?
Two elements, one cation and one anion in which the ending of the anion has an ending changed to -ide.
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What is a lattice structure
repeating 3-dimensional pattern
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What are the prefixes for covalent compounds?
mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, deca
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What are alloys?
Homogeneous mixtures of metals
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What are allotropes?
Nonmetals that have different elemental forms
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What is an octet?
Filled valence level
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What is the ending for single bonds?
\-ane
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What is the ending for double bonds?
\-ene
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What is the ending for triple bonds?
\-yne
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What is the relationship between amount of bonds and length with strength
As the amount of bonds increase and the length decreases, the bond strengthj increases
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If chain forms a ring the prefix is
cyclo-
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If chain is branched the prefix is
iso-
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What is the abbreviation for a chain
R’
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What is the R’-OH functional group?
alcohol
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What is the suffix for R’-OH
\-anol
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What is the suffix for R’-S-H
\-thiol
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What is the suffix for R’-N → H
→ X
→ X
\-amine
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What is the suffix for R’-C=O
→H
→H
\-carbonyl(not in name)
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What is the suffix for R’-C=O
→O-H
→O-H
carboxyl(not in name)
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What is the word for R’-CH3
methyl(within the name)
Note 
Flashcards (44)