c4.1

These flashcards cover key concepts related to populations, their dynamics, sampling methods, ecological relationships, and factors influencing ecosystem balance.

What is the definition of a population in ecology?

A population is a group of organisms of the same species that typically interbreed, sharing a common gene pool.

What are the types of reproductive isolation?

Geographical isolation, behavioural isolation, and temporal isolation.

What is random sampling used for in population studies?

Estimating population size and ensuring unbiased and representative samples.

What is the purpose of quadrat sampling?

To estimate population size and spatial distribution patterns of sessile organisms.

How is population size estimated using the Lincoln index?

Using the formula M x N/R, where M is marked individuals in the first sample, N is total individuals in the second sample, and R is recaptured marked individuals.

What does carrying capacity refer to?

The maximum population size that a given environment can sustain over a certain period.

What are density-dependent factors?

Limiting factors that have a greater impact on population size as population density increases.

What characterizes positive feedback in predator-prey relationships?

The increase in predator numbers leads to a decline in prey numbers, which then reduces the predator population.

What is allelopathy?

A process in which plants release chemicals to inhibit the growth of other nearby plants.

What is mutualism?

A symbiotic interaction between two or more species where each benefits from the relationship.