Untitled Flashcards Set

Flexion

Movement that decreases a joint angle.

Extension

Movement that straightens a joint angle.

Abduction

Movement of a body part away from the midline.

Adduction

Movement towards the midline.

Elevation

Raises a body part vertically.

Depression

Lowers a body part vertically.

Protraction

Movement of a body part forward in the horizontal plane.

Retraction

Movement of a body position backwards on the horizontal plane.

Circumduction

Movement of an appendage in a cone shape (circle).

Rotation

Bone turns around a fixed axis.

Supination

Movement of the foot or forearm that turns the foot or arm over to move the palm 'up'.

Pronation

Movement in the foot or forearm to move the palm facing backwards or downward.

Ball and Socket Joints

Joints with a 'ball' that fits into a 'socket' allowing multidirectional movement; found in the shoulder and hip.

Condylar Joint

Joints with an oval surface fitting into a corresponding depression, allowing movement in two planes; example includes wrist bones.

Saddle Joints

Joints with a saddle-like appearance allowing for biaxial movement; the thumb example allows grasping.

Plane (Gliding) Joints

Joints with flat surfaces allowing limited movement; examples include joints between carpal bones.

Hinge Joints

Joints that allow movement in one direction, such as the elbow.

Pivot Joints

Joints where one bone spins on its longitudinal axis, moving in one direction; examples include the radioulnar joint at the elbow.

Synostosis

Occurs when the gap between bones ossifies to form one bone, resulting in no movement.

Synarthrosis

Bones connected by strands of collagen fibers, allowing very limited movement.

Amphiarthrosis

Bones joined by a pad of hyaline cartilage that allows some movement or compression.

Diarthrotic Joints

Joints with a cavity filled with synovial fluid, allowing free movement.

Bony Joint (Synostosis)

Occurs when the gap between bones ossifies to form one bone.

Fibrous Joints (Synarthrosis)

Joints where bones are connected by strands of collagen fibers.

Cartilaginous Joints (Amphiarthrosis)

Joints where bones are joined by a pad of cartilage, allowing some movement.

Synovial Joints (Diarthrotic Joints)

Joints with a cavity filled with synovial fluid allowing free movement.