Topic 8.3: The Russian Rev. & its effects
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22 Terms
communism
a form of socialism that abolishes private ownership.
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Proletariat
Marx's term for the exploited class, the mass of workers who do not own the means of production
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left-wing
those who support varying degrees of social or political or economic change designed to promote the public welfare
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fascism
an authoritarian and nationalistic right-wing system of government where a dictator has tight control over the economy and people's lives.
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right-wing
the conservative or reactionary section of a political party or system.
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liberal democracy
representative democracy characterized by popular sovereignty (voting rights), liberty, and political equality
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Karl Marx
founder of modern communism
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Marxist-Leninist Theory
Lenin's version of Marxist thought which did not call for immediate world Revolution and supported the idea of a Vanguard of educated people to lead the communist nation.
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Bolshevik
A group of revolutionary Russian Marxists who advocated immediate communist revolution without the full Bourgeois phase.
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Russian Social Democratic Party
revolutionary socialist Russian political party formed to unite various revolutionary organizations into one party; later split into Bolshevik and Menshevik factions
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Communist Party
A political party practicing the ideas of Karl Marx and V.I Lenin originally the Russian Bolsheviks
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Duma
Russian Parliament
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Provisional Government
Temporary government led by Alexander Kerensky that came to power after the overthrow of the Tsar (lasted 6 months).
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Soviets
A Russian local government council composed of representatives from the workers and soldiers.
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Leon Trotsky
Russian revolutionary intellectual and close adviser to Lenin who was later expelled from the Soviet Union for his opposition to the authoritarianism of Stalin
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communists
people who favor the equal distribution of wealth and the end of all forms of private property
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War Communism
A system introduced under Bolshevik rule after 1917 which involved land being seized and redistributed, factories given to the workers, banks being nationalized, and church property being granted to the state. This was enforced by the Cheka (secret police).
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New Economic Policy (NEP)
Lenin's 1921 policy to re-establish limited economic freedom in an attempt to rebuild agriculture and industry in the face of economic disintegration
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reactionary
an extreme conservative who reacts in an extreme manner to change.
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Mensheviks
the minority Russian Marxist party that opposed the Bolsheviks; wanted to achieve communism gradually through peaceful methods rather than violent rev.
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Cheka
The secret police under Lenin and his Communist Party
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"Land Peace Bread"
This Bolshevik slogan, promoted by Lenin promised the peasants land in Russia, peace from WWI and food.
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