Psychology Unit 5

Schizophrenia Spectrum

A severe disorder characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking.

Psychotic Disorders

Mental disorders that affect thinking and perception of reality, including schizophrenia.

Bipolar and Related Disorders

Disorders characterized by extreme mood swings between mania and depression.

Depressive Disorders

Disorders marked by ongoing sadness, hopelessness, and a loss of interest.

Anxiety Disorders

Disorders that involve constant fear or worry impacting daily life.

Trauma and Stress Disorders

Disorders caused by experiencing or witnessing terrifying events.

Autism Spectrum Disorder

A condition marked by difficulties in communication and social interaction, accompanied by repetitive behaviors.

ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder)

A disorder characterized by trouble focusing, sitting still, and controlling impulses.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

A condition involving flashbacks, anxiety, and nightmares following a traumatic event.

Acute Stress Disorder

A short-term stress reaction that occurs after trauma, typically within a month.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

A disorder involving repeated, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and behaviors (compulsions).

Substance Use Disorder

Addiction to drugs or alcohol that leads to significant life problems.

Phobia

An intense, irrational fear of a specific object or situation.

Social Anxiety

An extreme fear of being judged negatively in social situations.

Low Self-Esteem

A belief that one is not worthy or good enough.

Dream Interpretation

The analysis of dreams to uncover inner thoughts or conflicts.

Systematic Desensitization

A technique to reduce fear gradually by pairing it with relaxation.

Token Economy

A system of rewarding good behavior with tokens, which can be exchanged for rewards.

Cognitive Therapy

A therapeutic approach that focuses on changing negative thought patterns.

Behavioral Therapy

A treatment method that employs learning techniques, like rewards, to alter behavior.

Psychoanalysis

A therapeutic approach that delves into unconscious thoughts and past conflicts as proposed by Freud.

Humanistic Therapy

A therapy focused on personal growth, self-acceptance, and individual potential.

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)

A therapy method aimed at challenging irrational thoughts to change emotions, developed by Albert Ellis.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A therapeutic approach that merges cognitive and behavioral changes to treat disorders.

Evidence-Based Practice

The selection of effective treatments based on the best available research.

Sigmund Freud

The founder of psychoanalysis, who emphasized the role of the unconscious mind.

Aaron Beck

The developer of cognitive therapy specifically aimed at treating depression.

Albert Ellis

The creator of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, focused on changing irrational beliefs.

Carl Rogers

A humanistic therapist known for his concept of unconditional positive regard.

B.F. Skinner

A behaviorist who conducted research on reinforcement and punishment.

Joseph Wolpe

The psychologist who developed systematic desensitization.

Mary Cover Jones

A pioneer in early behavioral therapy who helped children overcome fears.