Psych AAQ Terms

Research methods, research variables, ethical guidelines

Experimental

A research method that involves manipulating one or more variables to determine their effect on another variable, typically involving control and experimental groups.

Correlational

A research method that examines the relationship between two or more variables without manipulating them, allowing researchers to identify patterns or associations.

Naturalistic Observation

A research method where researchers observe subjects in their natural environment without interference, allowing for the collection of data on behavior in real-world settings.

Case Study

A research method that involves an in-depth investigation of a single individual, group, event, or phenomenon to explore complex issues through detailed data collection.

Meta-Analysis

A research method that involves statistically combining the results of multiple studies to identify overall trends and relationships across different research findings.

Longitudinal Study

A research method that involves repeated observations of the same variables (such as a group of individuals) over a long period of time to track changes and developments.

Cross Sectional Study

A research method that involves observing a specific population or phenomenon at a single point in time, allowing for the analysis of variables and relationships without requiring long-term observations.

Measurable

An attribute or variable that can be quantified or assessed through a defined method, allowing researchers to collect data that can be analyzed statistically. The measurability of a variable is crucial in research design, as it enables the establishment of clear metrics for evaluating outcomes and determining relationships between variables.

Quantifiable

A property or variable that can be measured and expressed in numerical terms. Quantifiable data is essential in research as it allows for statistical analysis, comparison, and objective evaluation of results. Examples include measurements of height, weight, test scores, or any other data point that can be counted or expressed in numbers.

Institutional Review

A committee established to review and approve research involving human subjects, ensuring that ethical standards are met and participants' rights and welfare are protected.

Informed Consent

A process where researchers inform potential participants about a study's purpose, procedures, risks, and benefits, allowing them to voluntarily agree to participate and understand their right to withdraw at any time. It is essential for ensuring ethical standards and protecting participants' autonomy.

Informed Assent

A process for obtaining agreement from individuals unable to give informed consent, ensuring they understand the research and can participate to the extent possible.

Protection from Harm

Measures that ensure the safety and well-being of research participants, preventing risk of physical or psychological harm.

Confidentiality

The ethical principle of keeping participants' information private and secure, ensuring identities are not disclosed without consent.

Deception

A research practice that involves misleading participants about the true purpose or nature of a study.

Debriefing

A process of providing participants with information about a study's purpose, procedures, and any deception that occurred, ensuring they understand their involvement.