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Heredity
The passing of traits from parent to offspring.
Nucleus
The control center of eukaryotic cells responsible for containing DNA.
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)
Carries the instructions that determine the traits of an organism.
Recessive
The trait that hides in the background, represented by a lowercase letter.
Genes
Unit of heredity which determines the traits you receive.
Alleles
The letters that represent the traits.
Meiosis
The process of cell division that produces sex cells (sperm and egg), resulting in haploid cells.
Mitosis
The process of cell division that makes body/somatic cells, resulting in diploid cells that are exact copies of the original.
Dominant
The trait that overshadows or is seen, represented by a capital letter.
Genotype
The letters that code for a trait, e.g., RR, Rr, rr.
Phenotype
The physical expression of a trait, e.g., freckles, round, brown eyes.
Heterozygous
Alleles that are different, represented as Rr.
Homozygous
Alleles that are the same, e.g., RR or rr.
Selective Breeding
The process of breeding two similar organisms to obtain desired traits.
Pedigree
A chart that traces a particular trait through a family history.
