Information Systems

Information Consists of facts that have been _______ by the process component and is an ________ of the information system

Information Consists of facts that have been _______ by the process component and is an ________ of the information system

analyzed, Output

In ___________ an MIS, the first task is to clearly define the system’s ________.

designing, objectives.

A ______ integrates hardware and _______.

MIS, Software

Buyer power is ______ when customers have many choices and ______ when they have few choices.

high, low

_______________ provides historical, current, and predictive views of business operations and environments and gives ________________ a competitive advantage in the marketplace.

Business Intelligence, Organizations

_____________ is skill in using productivity software, such as ____________, spreadsheets, database management systems, and presentation software, as well as having a basic knowledge of hardware and software, the Internet, and collaboration tools and technologies.

Computer Literacy, Word Processors

Michael Porters __________ analyzes an organization, it position in the __________, and how information systems could be used to make it more competitive.

Five Forces Model, Marketplace

_______________, processing systems involve operations that are _________.

Transaction-processing systems-, repetitive.

The five forces include __________, supplier power, threat of substitute products or services, threat of new entrants, and rivalry among existing __________.

buyer power, competitors

A ________ is the heart of an information system and it should contain all _________ data stored in an organized fashion.

database, relevant

Transaction-processing systems are _________ on data _____________ and processing.

focused, collection

In the context of ______________ Five Forces Model, Buyer power is high when customers have many choices, whereas supplier power is high when customers have _______ options.

Porters, less

There are ____ jobs in the following categories: Operations and help desk, Programming, Systems design, Web Design and Web hosting, __________ design and maintenance, Database, and design and maintenance, Robotics and artificial intelligence.

IT, Network

In the context of Porter’s Five _________ Model, an organization limits buyers’ choices by offering __________ that make it difficult for customers to switch.

Forces, services

The top information systems job belongs to either the CTO (chief technology officer) or the CIO ( chief information officer). This person oversees long-range planning and keeps an eye on new developments in the field that can affect a company’s success.

True

A systems analyst is responsible for the design and implementation of information systems. In addition to computer knowledge and an information systems background, this position requires a thorough understanding of business systems and functional areas within a business organization.

True

The Network Administrator is the person who oversees a company's internal and external network systems, designing and implementing network systems. Providing network and cybersecurity is part of this position's responsibility.

True

A ________ is a machine that accepts data as input, ________ data without human intervention by using stored instructions, and outputs information.

computer, processes

If data is erroneous, the _______ the computer provides is also erroneous. This rule is sometime called _______: garbage in, garbage out.

Information, GIGO

The central processing unit (CPU) is the heart of a computer. It is divided into two components: the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and the control unit.

TRUE

The control unit tells the computer what to do, such as instructing the computer which devices to read or send output to.

True

The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) performs arithmetic operations as well as comparison or relational operations.

True

Regardless of the language, oftentimes a program is also referred to as the source code.

True

A disk drive is a peripheral device for _________, storing, and retrieving information.

recording

One of the components that affects computer performance is the ____ which is the link between devices connected to the computer.

BUS

A __________ is the main circuit board containing ___________ for attaching additional boards. In addition, it usually contains the CPU, Basic Input/Output System (BIOS), memory, storage, interfaces, serial and parallel ports, expansion slots, and all the controllers for standard peripheral devices, such as the display monitor, disk drive, and keyboard.

motherboard, connectors

The power of computer comes from speed, ________, and storage and retrieval capabilities.

Accuracy

Computers can perform three basic tasks: arithmetic operations, logical operations, and storage and retrieval operations. All other tasks are performed using one or a combination of these operations.

True

Input devices send data and information to the computer. They are constantly being improved to make data input easier. Examples of input devices include: ________, Mouse, Touch Screen, Light Pen, Barcode reader.

Keyboard

An output device is capable of representing information from a computer. The form of this output might be visual, audio, or digital; examples include _______, display monitors, and plotters.

Printers

Main memory stores data and information and is usually _______.

Volatile

________________ is volatile memory in which data can be read from and written to; it is also called read write memory.

RAM

Volatile memory is memory that does not loses its contents when electrical power is turned off.

False

Secondary memory, which is nonvolatile, holds data when the computer is turned off or during the course of a program’s operation.

True

Catche RAM resides on the processor. Because memory access from main RAM storage takes several clock cycles (a few nanoseconds), cache RAM stores recently accessed memory so the processor is not waiting for the memory to transfer.

True

Read-only memory (ROM); data cannot be written to ROM. The type of data usually stored in ROM includes ______ information and the computer system’s ________.

BIOS, Clock

xamples of popular computer programming languages include: C, Java, ______, C++, R, C#, PHP, JavaScript, Ruby, and Go.

Python

A _______ is a computer and all the software for managing network resources and offering services to a network.

Server

A _____ is the size of a character.

Byte

Application software can be commercial software or software developed in house and is used to perform a variety of tasks on a personal computer. Common categories of it include Word-Processing, Spreadsheet, Database, Presentation, Graphics, Desktop Publishing, Financial Planning, Accounting, Project Management, and Computer-Aided Design.

True

An operating system (OS) is a set of programs for controlling and managing computer hardware and software.

True

The most common type of main memory is a semiconductor memory chip made of silicon. A semiconductor memory device can be volatile or nonvolatile.

True

Cloud Storage is used for online storage and backup, it involves multiple virtual servers that are usually hosted by third parties.

True

The _________________ Approach as described in chapter 1 consists of Analyze the task, Design the plan, Implement the design, Test  - This is a ______ model (things repeat).  It is likely that the ___________ will repeat many steps again and again.

problem-solving, cyclic, programmer

An __________ consists of a step by step list of actions that provides a description of how to perform a task.

Algorithm

___________ information – Includes environment descriptions and motivations behind a character’s actions. It is useful for setting up the scene for an animation or gaming task. To recognize it ask if this describes the setting in terms of the scene, the appearance of an object, the personality of an object, an attitude and motivation, in the case of a game how the game is played.

Background

__________ information – to recognize it ask if this describes the plot directly in the form of objects and actions (penguin skates) or information about how an action is to be performed.

Object_Action

The first step is to _________ the task so that understand what you need to do (the programming task). With Alice 3 we are creating animated scenes so we need to understand what part of the story we want to tell is background details and what part involves Objects and actions.

Analyze

Set Design (Scene Setup) – Adapting text to animation requires figuring out visual aspects writing cannot describe. In animation, a sequence of frames representing the screen is called a ________.

Storyboard

A _______ is a computer file containing instructions that tell Alice how to construct and display a specific type of object. It also defines actions (behaviors) that this type of object knows how to perform.

Class

The details of the storyboard frame sketches are minimal, with only enough to convey key story bits.

True

The goal of a storyboard is to tell the entire story in the most complex visuals possible and to take a lot of time doing it.

False

The Gallery has six tabs in which the classes are organized to make it easier to locate a specific type of object.

True

The storyboard depicts the action, expressions, and camera changes over time. Each frame is sketched and sometimes includes a caption describing the intention of the frame.

True

A basic storyboard consists of: frames, where each frame represents a significant action in a story and the sequence of individual frames connecting the actions together to form the plot. To create a storyboard, start with the step-by-step list of object-action pairs, determined in the task analysis.

True

Two techniques may be used to position an object. 1. Use the ________ to drag and rotate the object, Or 2. Use _________ (a menu of positioning actions in the Toolbox).

cursor, one-shots

An ________________ is a graphic, interactive environment designed to help the programmer develop a software program.

IDE

The Alice 3 IDE has setup scene editor and a ______ editor.

Code

The code editor has four panels: Camera view, Methods panel, Editor, and Controls panel.

True

The scene editor has three panels: Camera view, Toolbox, and Gallery.

True

The Gallery provides 3D models for adding objects to the scene.

True

The Camera view panel is where a _______ is constructed.

Scene

The Toolbox is used for ________ and orienting objects in the scene and for creating markers.

Positioning

In computer programming, problem solving begins with the goal of writing code to perform a task.

True

Computer Programming never involves repeated steps.

False

At its core computer programming designs and implements creative solutions to address human needs.

True

We will refer to a programming task as a problem in the sense that a problem is a creative and challenging task.

True

A common definition of a computer program is a sequence of instructions that tells a computer how to perform a specific task.

True

Which of the following statements is true of data marts and data warehouses?

Consolidating information from different departments is easier in data marts than in data warehouses.

Data marts have more extended scope than data warehouses.

Access to data is often slower in data marts than in data warehouses.

Data marts usually perform the same types of analysis as data warehouses.

Data marts usually perform the same types of analysis as data warehouses.

Which of the following statements is not true of big data?

It has three dimensions, which are volume, variety, and velocity.

It has three dimensions, which are value, density, and uniformity.

It is the result of the exponential growth of data in both public and private organizations.

It has three dimensions, which are value, density, and uniformity.

A _____ is a collection of data from a variety of sources used to support decision-making applications and generate business intelligence.

data dictionary

data pattern

data shed

data warehouse

data warehouse

In large organizations, database design and management is handled by a _____________.

database administrator

database evaluator

database synchronizer

database developer

database administrator

________________ is software for creating, storing, maintaining, and accessing database files.

database management system

data hierarchical system

database modelling tool

data warehousing tool

database management system

_____ improves database efficiency by eliminating redundant data and ensuring that only related data is stored in a table.

Triangulation

Fragmentation

Normalization

Departmentialization

Normalization

A database administrator (DBA) is responsible for _____.

developing recovery procedures in case data is lost or corrupted

keeping an organization’s computer network up to date

writing payroll processing programs for the organization

designing and implementing an organization’s information systems

developing recovery procedures in case data is lost or corrupted

The _____ dimension of big data refers to the sheer quantity of transactions, measured in petabytes or exabytes.

velocity

volume

area

time

Volume

In the context of the operators used in a query by example (QBE) form, the _____ is used when only one of the conditions in the QBE form must be met.

Hide answer choices

NOT operator

AND operator

OR operator

NOR operator

OR operator

In object-oriented databases, grouping objects along with their attributes and methods into a class is called

Hide answer choices

encapsulation

fragmentation

allocation

optimization

encapsulation

When using query by example (QBE) in the data manipulation component of a database management system (DBMS), the _____ is used when all the conditions in the QBE form must be met.

Hide answer choices

NOT operator

AND operator

OR operator

NOR operator

AND Operator

In the context of the data administration component of a database management system (DBMS), the acronym CRUD stands for _____.

Hide answer choices

create, read, update, and delete

copy, revise, undo, and define

create, repeat, undo, and develop

copy, read, update, and define

create, read, update, and delete

In a relational database model, a(n) _____ searches data in a table and retrieves records based on certain criteria.

insert operation

join operation

find operation

select operation

select operation

In a relational database, every record must be uniquely identified by a ___________.

primary key

In a relational database model, a _____ is a field in a relational table that matches the primary key column of another table.

foreign key

Which of the following is not typically a responsibility of a DBA?

Establishing security measures to determine users’ access rights

Writing an application programs for the human resource department

Evaluating database performance

Adding and fine-tuning database functions

Writing an application programs for the human resource department

In a relational database model, the columns are called _____.

Attributes

A _____ is usually a smaller version of a data warehouse, used by a single department or function.

Data Mart

Business analytics (BA) uses data and statistical methods to gain insight into the data and provide decision makers with information they can act on.

True

SQL Stands for Structured Query Language and is used by many DBMS including Oracle and Microsoft SQL Server.

True

Database marketing is using an organization’s database of customers and potential customers in order to promote products or services that an organization offers.

True

DDBMS stands for distributed database management system. With a DDBMS data is stored on multiple servers placed throughout the organization.

True

A database is a collection of related data.

True

A database management system (DBMS) is software for creating , storing, maintaining, and accessing database files.

True

In a relational database model, a(n) _____________ searches data in a table and retrieves records based on certain criteria.

Select Operation

_____________ improves database efficiency by eliminating redundant data and ensuring that only related data is stored in a table.

Normalization

In a relational database model, a ___________ is a field in a relational table that matches the primary key column of another table.

Foreign Key

In a relational database model, the columns are called __________.

Attributes

A database is a critical component of information systems because any type of ________ that is done is based on data available in the database.

Analysis

When using query by example (QBE) in the data manipulation component of a database management system (DBMS), the AND operator is used when all the conditions in the QBE form must be met.

True

In the context of the operators used in a query by example (QBE) form, the OR operator is used when only one of the conditions in the QBE form must be met.

True

A data warehouse is a collection of data from only one source andi it is not used to support decision-making applications or to generate business intelligence.

False