Env Sci test 1

Yeyeyeh

Characteristics of taiga

Cold, animals hibernate, largest biome

Tundra

Cold, treeless, perma freeze ground

Grasslands

Large, rolling terrain, many grasses, few trees

Deciduous forest

4 seasons, many trees, camoflauge

Savanna

Grassland, few trees, little rainfall, tropical climate

Chaparral

Hot and dry, mild winter, fire and drought is common

Desert

Cold or hot/dry, little vegetation,nocturnal animals

Alpine

Mountains, cold,small vegetations, animals have insulation

Rainforest

Year round warmth, near equator

Biodiversity and example

Variety of life,

Species; variety of species within population

Genetic; variation of genes and dna

ecological; variation in the network of species present in a certain location and how they interact; coral reef

Pioneer species

First to colonize new environments

Keystone species

Species that have a large impact

Decomposer

Break down dead organisms into molecules

Food chain

Food chain is a line of succession of things being eaten by bigger things

Food web

Shows how several species/individuals eat what and is a web of it and not just a line

Line transext

A sample of species along a physical line is measured and the amount touching measures the biodiversity

Simpson index

Num of species / num of ind, the higher to 1 the better, more accurate than transect

Primary succession

Begins in areas with no soil like volcanic land (builds area)

Secondary succession

Happens when soil is present after a flood or fire (rebuilds)

Climax community

The final stage of succession, a stable community that is unchanged

Climotagram measure what?

Measure ( temp and rainfall), they show changes in climate over time

Mangrove trees

Mangrove trees help get nitrate out of soil, they protect the land by slowing down currents, protect fish, suck up salt, and are a keystone species

Mangrove trees under attack

Shrimp farming, tourism, coastal development

Climate

Describes the weather in an area over a long period of time

Arrows of a food web

Show where the energy is going (shows who eats where the arrow starts)

Keystone species traits

Respond to environment dramatically, indicators of environmental health, measure environmental conditions

Mountain beetles

They kill trees that grizzly bears use to eat. Climate change has allowed more beetles to eat more trees higher up 😢

Explain the five levels and give example

Autotroph grass, herbivore, grasshopper, little mouse, secondary consumer, hawk, tertiary, consumer, human consumer, consumer, decomposer

Three things for species richness

Latitude and time of day can allow species to get a lot of solar energy. The closer they are to the equator, and based off of their size will allow them to be able to have access to more resources or be able to produce them.

Organisms that don’t respond to change or usually indicator as they usually are the ones that die first and aren’t able to adapt. That, or their biodiversity is very low and they aren’t able to adapt.

usually indicator as they usually are the ones that die first and aren’t able to adapt. That, or their biodiversity is very low and they aren’t able to adapt.

Forest floor, climax versus Pioneer

The forest floor for a climax species will usually be very healthy and rich with nutrients whereas with the pioneer species, it might just be baron with absolutely nothing

Primary and secondary phase ex

Primary would be a barren land, like volcano with nothing, whereas secondary would be a land that just had a flood or or fire and is rebuilding