quiz 5 civil rights

Abolitionist Movement

A movement that viewed slavery as an abomination and was committed to ending it.

Emancipation Proclamation

Declared that all enslaved people in Confederate states 'shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free.'

Reconstruction Amendments

The Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the Constitution.

Civil Rights Act of 1866

Defined as citizens all persons, regardless of race, born in the United States.

What did the Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) establish?

The 'separate but equal' rule, upholding racial segregation.

How did the Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955–56) begin?

It was sparked by Rosa Parks's refusal to give up her seat on a bus to a White man.

What was the purpose of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom (1963)?

To raise public awareness about racial segregation and pressure the government to take action.

What did Title IX of the 1972 Education Act outlaw?

Gender discrimination in education.

What is the significance of the Civil Liberties Act of 1988?

It acknowledged the internment of Japanese Americans as a 'grave injustice' and provided reparations.

What did the Black Lives Matter (BLM) Movement aim to address?

Persistent forms of racism in the United States, particularly in policing, housing, and education.

What did the Supreme Court rule in Ozawa v. United States?

It ruled that people of Japanese descent were "ineligible for citizenship."

What did the Supreme Court rule in United States v. Bhagat Singh Thind?

It ruled that a Sikh immigrant from India was ineligible for naturalization because he was of Indian descent.

What did the Supreme Court uphold in Korematsu v. United States?

It upheld Japanese internment during World War II.

What did the Indian Removal Act of 1830 require?

It forced Native American tribes to give up their lands east of the Mississippi River and relocate west.

What did the Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 grant?

It granted citizenship to all Native Americans born in the United States.

What was the purpose of the Dawes Act of 1887?

It sought to break up Native American tribes by encouraging individuals to leave their tribal groups.

What did the Wheeler-Howard Act of 1934 renew for Native Americans?

It renewed tribal rights and tribal self-government.

What issues did the Red Power Movement address?

It raised awareness of Native American issues such as sovereignty, police brutality, and broken treaties.

What did the Nineteenth Amendment guarantee?

It guaranteed all American women the right to vote.

What is an example of pay discrimination?

Paying a male employee more than a female employee with equal qualifications in the same job.

What did the Equal Pay Act of 1963 make illegal?

It made pay discrimination based on gender illegal.

What is quid pro quo harassment?

An explicit or implied threat that submission to sexual advances is a condition of continued employment.

What did the #MeToo Movement encourage?

It encouraged women to demand justice for sexual crimes committed against them.

What did Section 504 of the 1973 Rehabilitation Act do?

It outlawed discrimination against people with disabilities.

What does the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 guarantee?

It guarantees people with disabilities access to public spaces and prohibits discrimination in employment, housing, and health care.

What were the Stonewall Inn Riots of 1969?

They were violent demonstrations by the gay community against a police raid at the Stonewall Inn, considered a key event in the modern fight for LGBTQ rights in the U.S.

What was Bowers v. Hardwick about?

It was a Supreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of a Georgia sodomy law criminalizing consensual oral and anal sex between adults.

What did the Supreme Court rule in Romer v. Evans (1996)?

It extended civil rights protections to gay and lesbian people.

What did the Supreme Court decide in Lawrence v. Texas (2003)?

It extended the right of privacy to sexual minorities.

What did Obergefell v. Hodges (2015) guarantee?

It guaranteed same-sex couples the right to marry in all states.

What is the DREAM Act?

It is legislation that would allow undocumented immigrants brought to the U.S. as children to become permanent legal residents through military service or college attendance.

What did Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) instruct immigration officials to do?

It instructed immigration officials to take no action to deport law-abiding individuals who entered the U.S. as children without authorization.

What is Islamophobia?

It is the fear of and discrimination against Islam or people who practice Islam.

What was the purpose of the First Step Act (2018)?

It reduced mandatory minimum sentences and improved conditions in federal prisons.