Urinalysis and Body Fluids, 5th Edition

Flashcards covering key concepts and definitions related to urinalysis and body fluids from the lecture notes.

Urinalysis

The testing of urine with procedures commonly performed in an expeditious, reliable, safe, and cost-effective manner.

Oliguria

Defined as a urine output of less than 400 mL per day in adults.

Anuria

The cessation of urine flow, often due to severe kidney damage or decreased renal blood flow.

Polyuria

Excess urine output, defined as greater than 2.5 L per day.

Diabetes mellitus

A condition characterized by increased urine volume caused by excess glucose not being reabsorbed from the ultrafiltrate.

Diabetes insipidus

A condition resulting in decreased production or function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to diluted urine and increased volume.

First morning specimen

The most concentrated urine specimen collected immediately upon arising, ideal for screening tests.

Fasting specimen

The second specimen voided after the first morning specimen, used for glucose monitoring.

24-Hour (Timed) specimen

A collection method that captures all urine excreted in a 24-hour period, required for quantitative testing.

Catheterized specimen

A sterile urine sample obtained from the bladder using a catheter, commonly used for culture and sensitivity testing.