Topics 3: Genetics

Gene

a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain; it can include regions preceding and following the coding DNA as well as introns between the exons

Allele

either of a pair of alternative forms of a gene that can occupy the same locus on a particular chromosome and that control the same character

Gene Locus

specific location of a gene on a chromosome

Mutation

any event that changes genetic structure; any alteration in the inherited nucleic acid sequence of the genotype of an organism

Sickle Cell Anaemia

genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape

Genome

the whole genetic information of an organism

Ethics

system of moral principles

Autoradiography

technique to look establish DNA length

Haploid Nuclei

have on chromosome of each pair

Diploid Nuclei

have pairs of homologous chromosomes

Down Syndrome

condition of intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra chromosome 21

Gamete

male and female sex cells