Psychology chapter 6

External events consciousness

Behavior is caused by the events that have occurred in the environment/society

Internal events consciousness

Behavior is affected by personal beliefs, thoughts, or attitudes.

Yourself as expericening the events

your own personal beliefs, thoughts or ideas to a specific situation

Thoughts about your experience

Worrying about your school, safety, if everything will be alright. Trying to figure out not for it to happen again.

Circadian rhythms

Internally generated patterns of body functions, including hormonal signals, sleep, blood pressure, and temperature regulation, which have approximately a 24-hour cycle and occur even in the absence of normal cues about whether it is day or night

Body's "biological clock"

The circadian biological clock is controlled by a part of the brain called the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN), a group of cells in the hypothalamus that respond to light and dark signals. When our eyes perceive light, our retinas send a signal to our SCN.

when the biological clock is not functioning properly

It can lead to serious health issues: affects our sleep/wake schedule tremendously

Awake (stages of sleep)

The beta waves have low amplitude but high frequency

Light sleep (stage of sleep)

Muscles relax, easier to wake up, in between stages of sleep

Deep sleep (stages of sleep)

Blood pressure drops, body promotes muscle growth and repair, brain flushes waste, often harder to wake up

REM sleep (stages of sleep)

Temperature regulation switched off, heart rate increases, vivid dreams may occur, benefits for memory, learning or processing

Functions of sleep

Energy conservation, Restoration of body, Growth, Memory consolidation and learning

Sleep deprivation consequences

Attention, Reaction time, Decision-making, Immune system

Wish Fullfillment (Freud)

dreams are unacceptable desires, often have hidden meanings

activation-synthesis theory

theory that dreams reflect inputs from brain activation originating in the pons, which the forebrain then attempts to weave into a story

problem-focused approach

dreams represent waking concerns and opportunities to resolve them

Cognitive Approach

dreams express people's "conceptions," which are also the basis for action in the waking world.

Comparisons of the theories

all the theories explain how dreams can represent a sort of story/view

Contrasting views

some of the theories contain different approaches than others, some focus more on the physical action, while others are focused on the spritiual action