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artifical insemination
the introduction of semen to the female genital tracts by artificially placing it into uterus or vagina
copulation
sexual intercourse
where does approximation of gametes occur in mammals?
ampulla (part of the oviduct)
where does approximation of gametes occur in birds?
infundibulum (part of the oviduct)
how does the sperm arrive to the oviduct?
it is mobile due to its flagellum, vaginal and uterine contraction, difference in pressure, quimiotaxis (movement due to chemical stimulus)
what is spermatozoa capacitacion?
changes that occur in the sperm to allow it to cross the zona pellucida
what is fertilization?
fusion of egg and sperm
what is required for penetration of sperm to zona pellucida?
spermatocyte and oocyte activation
steps of spermatocyte activation
1. sperm binds with zona pellucida
2. acrosome reaction: enzyme breaks down zona pellucida
3. sperm and oocyte unite and nuclei fuse
steps of oocyte activation
1. cortical reaction: release of cortical granules occur when sperm breaks the zona pellucida
2. the cortical granules block the entrance of other sperm
what type of cell is the new zygote?
diploid
Note 
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