Chem ionic and metallic bonds

chemistry honors

How do ionic bonds form? (What happens to the valence electrons)

The metal in the compound will donate its valence electrons to the nonmetal into to have both of them become ions by changing the number of valence electrons in the atom

What type of elements make up ionic compounds?

Metals and Nonmetals or cations (positive ions) and anions (negative ions)

List the major properties of ionic compounds:

Crystalline Structure, Brittle,Soluble in water,High Melting Points

What does it mean if an element has a positive charge? How does this relate to the number of protons and electrons the ion has?

The element lost electrons and now has more protons than valence electrons

How can you tell from a list of ionization energies for an element where a core electron has been removed?

When there is a large spike in energy (EX I2 = 600 I3 = 6000). When you have a large jump in ionization energy you have removed a core electron

What type of elements make up metallic bonds and how are their valence electrons distributed?

Only metals are involved in metallic bonds. The metal cations are attracted to a communal pool of valence electrons known as the sea of electrons.

Using your understanding of metallic bonds, explain why metals exhibit the following properties:

Malleable/Ductile: The metals cations aren’t locked in place and when struck can be pushed around. This moves the metal cations out of the way.

Luster: The electrons absorb the light and re-emit it back out

Good Conductors: The electrons can carry a charge easily throughout the metal cations

High Melting Points: Strong bonds = higher melting points

Which of the following metals has the highest melting point?

MagnesiuM, Calcium, Strontium, or Barium It is the smallest element

Why do metals vary in melting points? Which metals have the highest melting points?

Metals have various charges and sizes, the smaller the metal and the more positive the metal determines the melting points.

What are alloys and why are they important?

Alloys are mixtures of metals, they are used to enhance the properties of metals. An example is needing a metal for its conductivity, but wanting to make it more durable. You can bond it with other metals to make it stronger.