Motivation and Emotion Unit 7

Aspects of Emotions

what ia the criteria for basic emotions Darwin? 4 pts

inherent and unlearned

arise under the same circumstances for everyone

expressed in distinct and unique ways

elicit disticntive physiological reactions

what is the criteria for basic emotions Ekman? 10 pts

distinct physiological characteristics

automatic and specific evaluative processes

arise under similar circumstances

distinct appearance in developmental processes

present in other primates

rapid onset and short duration

varied subjective experiences

distincitive associated thoughts, memories, and images

occur unexpectedly

universally distinct expressions

what are the 7 basic emotions ? 7 pts

fear

sadness

anger

disgust

hapiness

surpise

contempt

what are the functions of surprise?

clears out the nervous system of any activity that could interfere with the new stimulus

prepares the organism to cope with unepected changes or consequences

differences between anxiety and fear? 3 pts

fear is an unconditioned self-protective reposne to aversive situations while anxiety is a conditioned and learned response linked to negative expectations

anxiety has no clear trigger or cause while fear does

after experiencing fear we tend to avoid the situation but after experiencing anxiety there is a feeling of blockage

what is the association between sadness and depression? 2 pts

sadness is a long-lasting emotion that is elicited in reponse to identifiable events and is characteristic of depression

depression is a mental health condition often without a clear cause that persists for a longer period of time and contains learned helplessness, guilt, suicidal ideation and more in combination with prolonged feelings of sadness

What are the functions of fear? 3 pts

serves as a warning for harmful stimuli or situation

focuses our attention on the threatening situation and makes us aware of our vulnerability

enhaces our coping abilities

what is interference? 1 pt

interference refers to anything that disrupts or blocks goal-directed behaviour or emotional regulation making it harder to achieve the end goal

what are the functions of sadness? 4 pts

enables us to repair the damage done

encourages introspection and analysis of one’s situations to allow for any necessary modifications

prompts us to seek help from others

fosters social cohesion

what are the functions of anger? 4 pts

self-protection

internal regulation: helps us focus on our goals

social communication

reaction against injustices towards ourselves or others

what are the functions of disgust? 3 pts

protection from aversive experiences

protection of cultural sensitivity

deterrence from morally deviant behaviours

what can lower the threshold of disgust? 1 pt

intimacy

what are the functions of happiness/enjoyment? 4 pts

boosts interpersonal relationships

decreases the apearance of aggressive behaviours

modifies our hormal balance by decreasing cortisol

expressing enjoyment signals to others

what are the functions of contempt? 3 pts

generates a feeling of power and superiority

maintains social order

reports incompetence

what are social emotions? 1pt

social emotions are those that require you to put yourself in another person’s shoes and understand how they view you and your actions and how they are affected by them.

what are the features of social emotions ? 3 pts

evolve from more basic and earlier evolving emotions such as fear however they are purely based on social concern

they appear later on as they are dependent on more advanced mental mechanisms such as self refelction

they guide moral behaviour and decision making and are sometimes referred to as moral emotions

what are moral emotions? 1 pt

moral emotions are those that are linked to the well-being of society as a whole or of people other than the individual experiencing the emotions themselves

what are the four families of moral emotions? 4 pts

the other condemning emotions - contempt, anger, disgust

the self conscious emotions - shame, embarrasment, guilt

the other suffering family - empathy. sympathy, compassion

the other praising family - gratitude, awe, elevation