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every human being has

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every human being has

free will

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free will

you have the freedom to choose how you live

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what does free will provide?

constraints and opportunities

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the problem of order in world politics

organizing social, economic, and political power

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order

how you organize societies and the power that comes with that

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order is a problem in world politics

its subjective to the individual it leads to an imbalance of power there is no world government

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anarchy

the absence of world government

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is anarchy chaotic?

not necessarily, it can be but it basically means that no one is charge of the world

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we do not have a...

centralized authority that we would call a government that would maintain order in global politics

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players in global politics

have different amounts of power

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vox populi, vox dei

the voice of the people is the voice of god

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commonwealths

creating a political community for the common good organized in a free, sovereign, and independent body, politic, or state

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salus populi suprema lex esto

the good of the people is the chief law

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both populism and nationalism are rooted in the idea of what?

popular sovereignty

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populism gravitates towards the

right

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what does populism identify?

it identifies the people with an ethnic or racial minority

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nationalism turns against who?

minorities

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populism

an anti-elitist doctrine

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nationalism is led by who?

the elites

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what to do populist policies thrive on?

relentless mobilization of popular energy

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the two conditions that led to fervent forms of nationalism

secessionary majoritarian

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majoritarian

leads to attacking internal minorities

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what factors galvanize or incentivize like likelihood of populism?

economics, migrations, foreign relations, scapegoating, understanding of the national community

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questions involved with order in world politics

how is it that we have more order than disorder? what are the solutions to the problem of order? global order and national order?

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90% of wealth

is held by 10% of the people

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what is the condition of political anarchy?

pervasive and stable

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why is political anarchy stable?

because there are 8 billion people in the world who believe in different parts of the world that are all under the jurisdiction of a government and state

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the 200 states in the world

are very protective of their independence and sovereignty

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sovereignty

the federal government is the highest authority of the land and the people living on it

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how is having more order possible than

having more disorder

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every state is connected by a

network

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there is no

external or higher authority to make maintaining order easier

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its up to the states

to maintain order whether its individually or together

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thomas hobbes

a british philosopher in the 16th century who thought there was a problem of order within the uk

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what did thomas hobbes want to do?

wanted to propse a solution and create a more organized society for economic and social prosperity

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the leviathan

the state is made of a man or assembly of man society has to appoint who will be in charge

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people in nature according to leviathan

are fundamentally alike in state of nature when life is extremely dangerous we all become equals

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what states become according to leviathan

heads that reason and behave like people

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the social contract according to leviathan

between the people and the leviathan to escape the state of nature

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the three clauses of the social contract

surrender autonomy and individual rights receive security within and from without private property

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surrender autonomy and individuals rights

we cannot act as we wish there are limits to what we can as individuals not just giving up on human rights

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receive security within and from without

occurs in society the leviathan protects the people in return for their rights

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do we have a leviathan around the world?

no

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the leviathan applied on a global scale

the items of the contract are used and applied we can generalize them to the global context

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the states represent what when applying leviathan?

the people

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improved communications are a fundamental aspect of a wider phenomenon of what?

globalization

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globalization enables us to do what?

to learn quickly and consistently about events all over the world almost as soon as they happen

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the end of the soviet union

initiated a dynamic phase of globalization whcih affected our understanding of international relations

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managing multiple global interdependencies requires what?

improving processes of bargaining,negotiation, and consensus seeking involving states and non state actors

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